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3D mapping of the dense interstellar gas around the Local Bubble
We present intermediate results from a long-term program of mapping theneutral absorption characteristics of the local interstellar medium,motivated by the availability of accurate and consistent parallaxes fromthe Hipparcos satellite. Equivalent widths of the interstellar NaID-line doublet at 5890 Å are presented for the lines-of-sighttowards some 311 new target stars lying within ~ 350 pc of the Sun.Using these data, together with NaI absorption measurements towards afurther ~ 240 nearby targets published in the literature (for many ofthem, in the directions of molecular clouds), and the ~ 450lines-of-sight already presented by (Sfeir et al. \cite{sfeir99}), weshow 3D absorption maps of the local distribution of neutral gas towards1005 sight-lines with Hipparcos distances as viewed from a variety ofdifferent galactic projections.The data are synthesized by means of two complementary methods, (i) bymapping of iso-equivalent width contours, and (ii) by densitydistribution calculation from the inversion of column-densities, amethod devised by Vergely et al. (\cite{vergely01}). Our present dataconfirms the view that the local cavity is deficient in cold and neutralinterstellar gas. The closest dense and cold gas ``wall'', in the firstquadrant, is at ~ 55-60 pc. There are a few isolated clouds at closerdistance, if the detected absorption is not produced by circumstellarmaterial.The maps reveal narrow or wide ``interstellar tunnels'' which connectthe Local Bubble to surrounding cavities, as predicted by the model ofCox & Smith (1974). In particular, one of these tunnels, defined bystars at 300 to 600 pc from the Sun showing negligible sodiumabsorption, connects the well known CMa void (Gry et al. \cite{gry85}),which is part of the Local Bubble, with the supershell GSH 238+00+09(Heiles \cite{heiles98}). High latitude lines-of-sight with the smallestabsorption are found in two ``chimneys'', whose directions areperpendicular to the Gould belt plane. The maps show that the LocalBubble is ``squeezed'' by surrounding shells in a complicated patternand suggest that its pressure is smaller than in those expandingregions.We discuss the locations of several HI and molecular clouds. Usingcomparisons between NaI and HI or CO velocities, in some cases we areable to improve the constraints on their distances. According to thevelocity criteria, MBM 33-37, MBM 16-18, UT 3-7, and MBM 54-55 arecloser than ~ 100 pc, and MBM 40 is closer than 80 pc. Dense HI cloudsare seen at less than 90 pc and 85 pc in the directions of the MBM 12and MBM 41-43 clouds respectively, but the molecular clouds themselvesmay be far beyond. The above closest molecular clouds are located at theneutral boundary of the Bubble. Only one translucent cloud, G192-67, isclearly embedded within the LB and well isolated.These maps of the distribution of local neutral interstellar NaI gas arealso briefly compared with the distribution of both interstellar dustand neutral HI gas within 300 pc.Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp:cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/411/447
| A study of interstellar Nai D absorption lines towards the Lupus molecular clouds
Intermediate-resolution (60000<=R<=120000) observations ofinterstellar Nai lines towards 29 stars in the general direction of theLupus molecular clouds (330°<~l<~350°0°<~b<~25°) are presented. Previously published spectratowards an additional seven stars are also included. Based on theHipparcos distances to these stars, and the minimum distance at whichstrong interstellar Nai lines appear in the spectra, I obtain a distanceof ~150+/-10pc to the Lupus molecular complex. While in agreement with anumber of other independent estimates, this result is at odds with thevalue of 100pc recently obtained by Knude & Høg from aHipparcos-based study of interstellar extinction. A possible explanationfor this discrepancy is discussed, and it is concluded that the value of150+/-10pc obtained here is to be preferred. In addition, theseobservations have some other implications for the structure of theinterstellar medium in this direction, and these are briefly considered.
| Five-colour photometry of OB-stars in the Southern Hemisphere
Observations of OB-stars, made in 1959 and 1960 at the Leiden SouthernStation near Hartebeespoortdam, South Africa, with the VBLUW photometerattached to the 90 cm light-collector, are given in this paper. They arecompared with photometry obtained by \cite[Graham (1968),]{gra68}\cite[Walraven & Walraven (1977),]{wal77} \cite[Lub & Pel(1977)]{lub77} and \cite[Van Genderen et al. (1984).]{gen84} Formulaefor the transformation of the present observations to those of\cite[Walraven & Walraven (1977)]{wal77} and \cite[Lub & Pel(1977)]{lub77} are given. Table 4 is only available in electronic format the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) orvia http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Near infrared light variations of CP stars. The SiSrCrEu stars
Twelve magnetic Chemically Peculiar (CP2) stars of the SiSrCrEu subgroupmostly brighter than the 7.5 visual magnitude have been investigated inthe infrared at 1.25, 1.6 and 2.2 mu . The stars HD 74521, HD 90044, HD119419, HD 125630, and HD 187473 are clearly variable in the nearinfrared with the same period as the visible light, spectrum, andmagnetic field variations. The stars HD 10783, HD 12447, HD 116458, HD147010, HD 166469, HD 170397, and HD 223640 do show a smaller amount ofvariability, although with quite large a dispersion of the data. Aremarkable result of the present investigation is that, at least for thestars for which contemporaneous observations are available, the observedinfrared variations appear to be in phase with the variations in thelong wavelength part of the visible. This may be an indication that themechanism of the infrared variations should be the same as for thevisible. Based on observations collected at the European SouthernObservatory, La Silla, Chile.
| The Tokyo PMC catalog 90-93: Catalog of positions of 6649 stars observed in 1990 through 1993 with Tokyo photoelectric meridian circle
The sixth annual catalog of the Tokyo Photoelectric Meridian Circle(PMC) is presented for 6649 stars which were observed at least two timesin January 1990 through March 1993. The mean positions of the starsobserved are given in the catalog at the corresponding mean epochs ofobservations of individual stars. The coordinates of the catalog arebased on the FK5 system, and referred to the equinox and equator ofJ2000.0. The mean local deviations of the observed positions from theFK5 catalog positions are constructed for the basic FK5 stars to comparewith those of the Tokyo PMC Catalog 89 and preliminary Hipparcos resultsof H30.
| High S/N Echelle spectroscopy in young stellar groups. II. Rotational velocities of early-type stars in SCO OB2.
We investigate the rotational velocities of early-type stars in the ScoOB2 association. We measure v.sin(i) for 156 established and probablemembers of the association. The measurements are performed with threedifferent techniques, which are in increasing order of expectedv.sin(i): 1) converting the widths of spectral lines directly tov.sin(i), 2) comparing artificially broadened spectra of low v.sin(i)stars to the target spectrum, 3) comparing the HeI λ4026 lineprofile to theoretical models. The sample is extended with literaturedata for 47 established members of Sco OB2. Analysis of the v.sin(i)distributions shows that there are no significant differences betweenthe subgroups of Sco OB2. We find that members of the binary populationof Sco OB2 on the whole rotate more slowly than the single stars. Inaddition, we find that the B7-B9 single star members rotatesignificantly faster than their B0-B6 counterparts. We test varioushypotheses for the distribution of v.sin(i) in the association. Theresults show that we cannot clearly exclude any form of randomdistribution of the direction and/or magnitude of the intrinsicrotational velocity vector. We also investigate the effects of rotationon colours in the Walraven photometric system. We show that positions ofB7-B9 single dwarfs above the main sequence are a consequence ofrotation. This establishes the influence of rotation on the Walravencolours, due primarily to surface gravity effects.
| Rotational Velocity Determinations for 164 Be and B Stars
Rotational velocities, v sin i, have been obtained for 96 Be and 68normal B stars by measurements of the FWHM of the He I lambda-4471 line(for spectral types B0-B4.5) and Mg II lambda-4481 (for types B5-B9.5).The consistency of various published sources is examined. (SECTION:Stars)
| Far-Ultraviolet Stellar Photometry: Fields Centered on rho Ophiuchi and the Galactic Center
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1996ApJS..104..101S&db_key=AST
| Light variability of some helium-weak stars.
The light variability of six helium-weak stars is studied in the uvbysystem. Here we present more refined values of the period for the starsHD 49333 (2.179232+/-0.000009d), HD 125823 (8.817744+/-0.00011d), and HD142990 (0.979070+/-0.000011d). The periods of HD 144334 (1.494971d) andHD 175362 (3.67375d) are confirmed. The light variability of HD 74196 isnot confirmed, indeed this star is found to be constant within 0.01mag.For those stars with enough available data, we find a well definedantiphase relation between light and HeIλ4026 line equivalentwidth variations: however, on the basis of atmosphere modelcalculations, we can exclude that light variations could be mainly dueto the different helium abundance concentrations on the stellar surface.The possibility of a lower temperature at the magnetic poles isconsidered and the evidence for a small mass loss rate from the magneticpole regions is discussed.
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| The light variations of some southern CP2 stars
Nine southern chemically peculiar stars brighter than the seventh visualmagnitude have been observed in the uvby system. All the stars but HD148199 are previously known light variables, although their periods werenot accurate enough to phase together different kinds of observationscarried out several years apart. Here we present more refined values ofthe period for the stars: HD 74521, HD 90044, HD 119419, HD 125630, HD137509, HD 147010, HD 166469, and HD 170397. The star HD 148199,formerly considered constant in light, has been found to be variable inlight, too, with the same period as the magnetic field.
| A homogeneous catalog of new UBV and H-beta photometry of B- and A-type stars in and around the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association
B- and A-type stars in and near the Sco-Cen OB association areinvestigated with UBV and H-beta photometry to acquire data relevant tothe luminosity function of Sco-Cen. The measurements generally consistof two 10-s integrations of U, B, V, (W, N) filters, and theobservations are corrected iteratively for atmospheric extinction andinstrumental response. The data presented give the mean V magnitude,mean B-V, mean U-B, and the estimated uncertainties for these values.The catalog provides a homogeneous catalog of data for a large fieldwith stellar objects delineating membership to the association Sco-Cenand that affect the luminosity function of the aggregate.
| Catalogue of Hydrogen Line Spectral Profiles of 236 B-Stars A-Stars and F-Stars
Not Available
| Effects of rotation on colours and line indices of stars. III - Binary and peculiar stars
The broad-band UBV colors and the intermediate band uvby colors of AlphaPersei, Pleiades, and the Scorpio-Centaurus association are analyzed forrotation effects. An attempt was made to discriminate normal singlestars from that of binary and peculiar stars after taking the observedrotation effects into account. It is found that the spread in theobserved colors does not in general allow such a discrimination, exceptthat the objects with large reddening are double-lined binaries,peculiar stars or emission-lined objects. The few normal stars in thesethree clusters with such large reddening are listed as they are likelyto belong to one of the above classes.
| Walraven photometry of nearby southern OB associations
Homogeneous Walraven (VBLUW) photometry is presented for 5260 stars inthe regions of five nearby southern OB associations: Scorpio Centaurus(Sco OB2), Orion OB1, Canis Major OB1, Monoceros OB1, and Scutum OB2.Derived V and (B - V) in the Johnson system are included.
| Empirical temperature calibrations for early-type stars
Three temperature calibrations of suitable photometric quantities havebeen derived for O and B stars. A sample of 120 stars with reliableT(eff.) determinations has been used for establishing each calibration.The different calibrations have been critically discussed and compared.Temperature determinations for 1009 program stars have been obtainedwith an accuracy of the order of 10 percent.
| Physical parameters of stars in the Scorpio-Centaurus OB association
Walraven photometry is presented of established and probable members ofthe Scorpio-Centaurus OB association. For each star, effectivetemperature and surface gravity are derived using Kurucz (1979)atmosphere models. From the Straizys and Kuriliene (1981) tables,absolute magnitudes are calculated. Distance moduli and visualextinctions are determined for all stars. From a comparison of theHR-diagrams of the stars in each subgroup with theoretical isochrones,the ages of the three subgroups are derived. The distances to the threesubgroups are shown to be different; there is a general trend (alsowithin each subgroup) for the distances to be larger at higher galacticlongitudes. The visual extinction in the youngest subgroupUpper-Scorpius, is well correlated with the IRAS 100-micron map. Thedistance toward the Ophiuchus dark clouds is found to be 125 pc, basedon the photometric distances to the stars. Most of the early-type starsin Upper-Scorpius are located at the far side of the dark clouds.
| The velocity field of the outer Galaxy in the southern hemisphere. III - Determination of distances to O, B, and A type stars in the Walraven photometric system
The Walraven photometric system has been used to derive distances tostars of spectral types earlier than A7. The details of the observingprocedure are given, and the way the data were analyzed is described.The accuracy of the data is discussed, and the results are compared withthose of Gathier et al. (1986). The observational results for stars ineight well-studied star cluster are presented, compared with theliterature, and discussed.
| Helium abundance in the atmospheres of B stars in open clusters
The model-atmosphere method is applied to 6-m telescope spectrograms of46 B stars in the Per OB2 and Sco-Cen associations and in the alpha Percluster and the Pleiades to determine effective temperatures, surfacegravities, and helium abundances log epsilon(He). To within the erorrs,each cluster has the same mean epsilon(He).
| Photometric variability of AP and He-weak stars in clusters and associations. I
The light curves determined in the Geneva photometric system arepresented for twenty-five CP2 and CP4 stars belonging to sevenassociations and clusters. A unique period is proposed for each star andthe coefficients of the best fitting Fourier series are given for eachlight curve. One star, Cox 38 in NGC 2516, is an eclipsing binary,becoming the first such known CP2 star. Another star, HD 37151, ismultiperiodic, but the existing data do not allow to sort out the truefrequencies from the aliased ones.
| A comparison of UV extinction in SCO OB2 and Per OB1 associations
The paper presents a comparison of extinction curves constructed basedon consecutive color excesses in optical and UV wavelength ranges. TheANS photometric data make it possible to construct reliable averageextinction curves for Sco OB2 and Per OB1 associations. The resultingcurves show large differences in the UV, up to 1.5 m in the 2200 hump.The far UV extinction, shortward of 2000 A, seems to be independent ofE(B-V) in every association. Then, the presence of at least 2populations of grains in the interstellar space seems to be fullyconfirmed. Several stars with strongly enhanced far UV extinction,probably caused by a circumstellar material, are also reported.
| An ultraviolet extinction study of the rho Ophiuchi dark cloud
Five-band ultraviolet spectrophotometry has been carried out for 54stars in the upper Scorpius complex. Of these, 14 stars in the rhoOphiuchi dark cloud and 13 in the surrounding area are found to be freeof spectral peculiarities and contamination by scattered light fromnearby bright stars. The dark cloud stars give extinction curves whichare significantly lower than the average extinction curves derived byother investigators and also those observed for localized regions suchas the area around Cygnus X-1 and the Cepheus OB III cluster. Thisimplies that the dust in the upper Scorpius region, especially that inthe rho Ophiuchi dark cloud has larger average size than the normalinterstellar medium. R, the ratio of total-to-selective extinction, isfound to be 4.2. The effects of a lower extinction curve on thechemistry of a dark cloud is also briefly discussed.
| Prediction of spectral classification from photometric observations - Application of the UVBY beta photometry and the MK spectra classification. II - General case
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1980A&A....85...93M&db_key=AST
| Prediction of spectral classification from photometric observations-application to the UVBY beta photometry and the MK spectral classification. I - Prediction assuming a luminosity class
An algorithm based on multiple stepwise and isotonic regressions isdeveloped for the prediction of spectral classification from photometricdata. The prediction assumes a luminosity class with reference touvbybeta photometry and the MK spectral classification. The precisionattained is about 90 percent and 80 percent probability of being withinone spectral subtype respectively for luminosity groups I and V and forluminosity groups III and IV. A list of stars for which discrepanciesappear between photometry and spectral classification is given.
| uvby Photometry of the Ap Star HD 145102
Not Available
| Detection of errors in spectral classification by cluster analysis
Cluster analysis methods are applied to the photometric catalogue ofuvby-beta measurements by Hauck and Lindemann (1973) and point out 249stars the spectral type of which should be reconsidered or thephotometric indices of which should be redetermined.
| The ratio of total to selective absorption in the rho OPH cloud.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1974MNRAS.168..371W&db_key=AST
| Possible new members of a subgroup of the Scorpio-Centaurus association.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1972AJ.....77..474G&db_key=AST
| UVBY and beta observations of B-type stars in the Scorpio-Centaurus association.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1971AJ.....76.1041G&db_key=AST
| Line strengths for southern OB stars-II. Observations with moderate dispersion
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1969MNRAS.144...31B&db_key=AST
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Σκορπιός |
| Right ascension: | 16h16m26.69s |
| Declination: | -24°16'55.0" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 6.716 |
| Distance: | 263.852 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -13.7 |
| Proper motion Dec: | 1 |
| B-T magnitude: | 6.872 |
| V-T magnitude: | 6.729 |
Catalogs and designations:
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INHABITED SKY
