Spitzer Survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud: Surveying the Agents of a Galaxy's Evolution (SAGE). I. Overview and Initial Results
We are performing a uniform and unbiased imaging survey of the LargeMagellanic Cloud (LMC; ~7deg×7deg) using theIRAC (3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8 μm) and MIPS (24, 70, and 160 μm)instruments on board the Spitzer Space Telescope in the Surveying theAgents of a Galaxy's Evolution (SAGE) survey, these agents being theinterstellar medium (ISM) and stars in the LMC. This paper provides anoverview of the SAGE Legacy project, including observing strategy, dataprocessing, and initial results. Three key science goals determined thecoverage and depth of the survey. The detection of diffuse ISM withcolumn densities >1.2×1021 H cm-2 permits detailed studies of dust processes in the ISM. SAGE'spoint-source sensitivity enables a complete census of newly formed starswith masses >3 Msolar that will determine the current starformation rate in the LMC. SAGE's detection of evolved stars withmass-loss rates >1×10-8 Msolaryr-1 will quantify the rate at which evolved stars injectmass into the ISM of the LMC. The observing strategy includes two epochsin 2005, separated by 3 months, that both mitigate instrumentalartifacts and constrain source variability. The SAGE data arenonproprietary. The data processing includes IRAC and MIPS pipelines anda database for mining the point-source catalogs, which will be releasedto the community in support of Spitzer proposal cycles 4 and 5. Wepresent initial results on the epoch 1 data for a region near N79 andN83. The MIPS 70 and 160 μm images of the diffuse dust emission ofthe N79/N83 region reveal a similar distribution to the gas emissions,especially the H I 21 cm emission. The measured point-source sensitivityfor the epoch 1 data is consistent with expectations for the survey. Thepoint-source counts are highest for the IRAC 3.6 μm band and decreasedramatically toward longer wavelengths, consistent with the fact thatstars dominate the point-source catalogs and the dusty objects detectedat the longer wavelengths are rare in comparison. The SAGE epoch 1point-source catalog has ~4×106 sources, and more areanticipated when the epoch 1 and 2 data are combined. Using Milky Way(MW) templates as a guide, we adopt a simplified point-sourceclassification to identify three candidate groups-stars without dust,dusty evolved stars, and young stellar objects-that offer a startingpoint for this work. We outline a strategy for identifying foreground MWstars, which may comprise as much as 18% of the source list, andbackground galaxies, which may comprise ~12% of the source list.
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New VIC photometry of the sdOB binary AA Dor and an improved photometric model
New VIC CCD photometry, obtained with integration times of 20s, of the sdOB+degenerate-dwarf eclipsing binary system AA Dor hasprovided new complete light curves with an rms scatter about a meancurve of +/-0.004 mag. These data are analysed with an improved LIGHT2light-curve synthesis code to yield more accurate determinations of theradii of both stars, the orbital inclination, and the flux ratio betweenthe two components. These radii are only a little different from thevalues derived 25 years ago from less complete data, but theuncertainties on these values are improved by a factor of 2. Theapparent discrepancy remains between the surface gravity of the sdOBprimary star obtained from the light-curve solution with the publishedspectroscopic orbit and that obtained from non-local thermodynamicequilibrium analysis of high-resolution spectra of the sdOB star.The substantial reflection effect in the system is adequatelyrepresented by the LIGHT2 code with a bolometric albedo of unity inlight curves extending from 0.35 to 2.2 μm. However, there aredifferences at individual wavelengths in the derived albedo, which mayindicate a redistribution of flux from shorter wavelengths into the Vand IC passbands.
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Nova in the Large Magellanic Cloud 2000
IAUC 7458 available at Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams.
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Relative Fluxes by Spectrophotometry with RUBIKON
By means of the RUBIKON multi-channel detector system with integratedgrism spectrograph, attached to the Bochum 61cm telescope, five primarystandars stars have been intercompared and an additional secondarystandard star (HD 37027 in the center field of the LMC) has been set upin the wavelength range of 326-777 nm.
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Quantitative spectral classification of galactic disc K-M stars from spectrophotometric measurements
New spectral observations for 47 southern galactic red supergiantsobtained with the new RUBIKON spectrophotometer (developed at theAstronomisches Institut der Ruhr-Universitat Bochum) at the Bochum 61-cmtelescope on La Silla are presented. The spectra range from 4800 to 7700A and their resolution is 10 A. The mean error of absolute fluxes is0.028 mag and that of relative fluxes 0.021 mag. The spectra will beavailable at the Strasbourg Stellar Database (CDS). Together with datataken from recently published spectral catalogues, the new observationshave been used to define spectral indices as measures of the strengthsof the following features: Fe i+TiOalpha_1, Mgb+TiOalpha_0,NaD+TiOgamma'_1, TiOgamma'_0 and TiOgamma_1 systems. The indices havebeen checked against errors introduced by reductions, interstellarreddening and different resolutions of different spectral catalogues,and have been found to be very insensitive to all these effects.Therefore, different catalogues may be combined without any loss ofaccuracy and homogeneity. The mean error of a single index has beenfound to be 0.011 mag. For stars from K4 to M7, a strong temperaturedependence is found for all indices. For the Fe i+TiO and especially theMgb+TiO features, a strong dependence on luminosity has also beenobserved. These indices therefore have been combined to form aluminosity index, while the others together form a spectral index. Thecombined indices have been calibrated in terms of MK data using thestepwise linear regression technique, and may be used for quantitativetwo- dimensional spectral classification of late K- and M-type stars.The mean error of the classification is 0.6 of spectral subtype and 0.8of luminosity class, which is much higher than would be expected fromthe uncertainty of the indices alone (which, e.g., for an M4 giantcorrespond to an uncertainty of 0.1 of spectral subtype and 0.3 ofluminosity class). This may be explained by the uncertainty of theoriginal MK classifications and the variability of some programme stars.
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Nova in the Large Magellanic Cloud 1995
IAUC 6145 available at Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams.IAUC 6145 available at Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams.
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A catalog of far-ultraviolet point sources detected with the fast FAUST Telescope on ATLAS-1
We list the photometric measurements of point sources made by the FarUltraviolet Space Telescope (FAUST) when it flew on the ATLAS-1 spaceshuttle mission. The list contains 4698 Galactic and extragalacticobjects detected in 22 wide-field images of the sky. At the locationssurveyed, this catalog reaches a limiting magnitude approximately afactor of 10 fainter than the previous UV all-sky survey, TDl. Thecatalog limit is approximately 1 x 10-14 ergs A sq cm/s,although it is not complete to this level. We list for each object theposition, FUV flux, the error in flux, and where possible anidentification from catalogs of nearby stars and galaxies. Thesecatalogs include the Michigan HD (MHD) and HD, SAO, the HIPPARCOS InputCatalog, the Position and Proper Motion Catalog, the TD1 Catalog, theMcCook and Sion Catalog of white dwarfs, and the RC3 Catalog ofGalaxies. We identify 2239 FAUST sources with objects in the stellarcatalogs and 172 with galaxies in the RC3 catalog. We estimate thenumber of sources with incorrect identifications to be less than 2%.
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UBV photometry of galactic foreground and LMC member stars. I - Galactic foreground stars
UBV photometry of 955 galactic foreground stars in the direction to theLarge Magellanic Cloud is presented. The stars have been chosen fromforeground star catalogs and have been measured to complete a new database containing entries of more than 5000 stars in the direction of theLMC. First and second order extinction coefficients at La Silla/Chileare given, which differ from the standard values because of the 1991eruption of the volcano Mt. Pinatubo.
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Narrow band multicolor photometry of reddened and unreddened early-type stars
Photometric measurements and interstellar extinction curves of reddenedand unreddened early-type Southern Hemisphere stars are presented. It isshown that a number of shallow features exist in the extinction curvesrelative to a straight-line approximation.
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Positional reference stars in the Magellanic Clouds
The equatorial coordinates are determined of 926 stars (mainly ofgalactic origin) in the direction of the Magellanic Clouds at the meanepoch T = 1978.4 with an overall accuracy characterized by the meanvalues of the O-C coordinates, Sa = 0.35 arcsec and Sd = 0.38 arcsec,calculated from the coordinates of the Perth reference stars. Thesevalues are larger than the accuracy expected for primary standard stars.They allow the new positions to be considered as those of reliablesecondary standard stars. The published positions correspond to anunquestionable improvement of the quality of the coordinates provided inthe current catalogs. This study represents an 'astrometric step' in thestarting of a 'Durchmusterung' of the Magellanic Clouds organized by deBoer (1988, 1989).
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The Galactic foreground reddening of SN 1987 A
Walraven photometric observations of 41 Galactic foreground stars in thedirection of SN 1987 A were used to investigate the interstellarreddening originating to material inside the Galaxy. Two differentmethods, one using the galactic reddenings around SN 1987 A from thedistribution at the sky, and one presenting the reddenings as a functionof the distance, both yield for the galactic reddening of SN 1987 AE(B-V) = 0.08 m + or - 0.01 m, which is larger than the usually assumedvalues. From the relation between the distances of the stars and theirreddening the thickness of the dust layer in the direction of SN 1987 Ais estimated at 110 pc.
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UBV (RI)c standard stars in the E- and F-regions and in the Magellanic Clouds - a revised catalogue.
Not Available
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UBV(RI)c photometry of some standard sequences in the Harvard F regions and in the Magellanic Clouds
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1988MNRAS.231.1047M&db_key=AST
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Nova in the Large Magellanic Cloud
IAUC 4580 available at Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams.IAUC 4580 available at Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams.
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UBV photometry of eclipsing binaries in the LMC
UBV photoelectric observations are presented for three eclipsingbinaries in the LMC: HV 2241, HV 2765, and HV 5943. Prior to solving thelight curves, the photoelectric data were corrected for crowding bystudying models, based on CCD observations, of the fields around thevariables. The brightnesses of contaminating stars, both near thevariables and in the areas selected for sky measurements, weredetermined by simulating aperture photometry on the modeled star fields.The light curves were solved with the Wilson-Devinney program by makinga systematic search of parameter space. Numerical simulations showedthat a search involving only one fixed parameter, the mass ratio,produced systematic errors in the solution elements. However, a searchinvolving two fixed parameters, the mass ratio and surface potential ofthe secondary component, found solution elements that are apparentlyfree of systematic effects and correct within the uncertaintiesestimated for them by the program. Preliminary absolute dimensions arecomputed for the components, and the evolutionary status of the systemsis discussed.
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Revised UBV photometry of Magellanic Cloud sequences
The old photometry of UBV secondary standards in the Magellanic Clouds(Cousins 1970) has been revised. New measurements made at Sutherland arepresented and analyzed.
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Standard Stars for VRI Photometry with S25 Response Photocathodes
Not Available
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Ultraviolet photometry from the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory. XX - The ultraviolet extinction bump
Ultraviolet extinction bumps are investigated in the interstellarextinction curves between 1800 and 3600 A for 36 stars which have (B-V)excesses ranging from 0.03 to 0.55 and are mostly confined to thebrighter OB associations distributed along the galactic plane. Eachextinction curve is found to have a broad bump which peaks near 2175 Aand whose position and profile appear to be constant among all thestars. It is shown that the bump is probably interstellar in origin andthat the constancy of its position and shape places such severerestrictions on grain geometrical parameters that classical scatteringtheory cannot be used to explain the feature unless the dust grains inwidely separated regions of space and with very different physicalconditions are assumed to have nearly identical size and shapedistributions. Three extinction curves which extend to 1100 A areexamined and found to have the same general characteristics as theothers. Several extinction curves are analyzed for fine structure, butno convincing evidence is found in the present interval. Some processesare discussed which may be responsible for the bumps.
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Radial velocities from objective-prism plates in the direction of the Large Magellanic Cloud. List of 398 stars, LMC members. List of 1434 galactic stars, in the LMC direction
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1974A&AS...13..173F&db_key=AST
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Polarization measurements of stars in the Magellanic Clouds.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1970AJ.....75..778M&db_key=AST
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Mesures de vitesses radiales dans la direction du Grand Nuage de Magellan
Not Available
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Vitesses radiales dans la direction du Grand Nuage de Magellan
Not Available
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U, B, V, photometry in and near the Magellanic Clouds
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1962MNRAS.124..359W&db_key=AST
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Photoelectric Magnitude Sequences for the Magellanic Clouds.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1953ApJ...118..314C&db_key=AST
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INHABITED SKY
