The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
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Nice Observatory CCD measurements of visual double stars (4th series)
We present 176 measurements of 167 visual double stars, made in 2000 and2001 with the 50 cm refractor of the Nice Observatory and attached CCDcamera, using an algorithm based on the adjustment of a tridimensionalmathematical surface (Table 1). Position angle, angular separation andmagnitude difference are given. 33 new binaries (HDS and TDS) discoveredby Hipparcos were measured. Table 1 is only available in electronic format the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) orvia http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/396/933
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Speckle Interferometry at the US Naval Observatory. VIII.
The results of 2044 speckle interferometric observations of doublestars, made with the 26 inch (66 cm) refractor of the US NavalObservatory, are presented. Each speckle interferometric observation ofa system represents a combination of over a thousand short-exposureimages. These observations are averaged into 1399 mean positions andrange in separation from 0.16" to 14.97", with a mean separation of2.51". This is the eighth in a series of papers presenting measuresobtained with this system and covers the period 2001 March 18 through2001 December 30.
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Statistics of spectroscopic sub-systems in visual multiple stars
A large sample of visual multiples of spectral types F5-M has beensurveyed for the presence of spectroscopic sub-systems. Some 4200 radialvelocities of 574 components were measured in 1994-2000 with thecorrelation radial velocity meter. A total of 46 new spectroscopicorbits were computed for this sample. Physical relations are establishedfor most of the visual systems and several optical components areidentified as well. The period distribution of sub-systems has a maximumat periods from 2 to 7 days, likely explained by a combination of tidaldissipation with triple-star dynamics. The fraction of spectroscopicsub-systems among the dwarf components of close visual binaries withknown orbits is similar to that of field dwarfs, from 11% to 18% percomponent. Sub-systems are more frequent among the components of widevisual binaries and among wide tertiary components to the known visualor spectroscopic binaries - 20% and 30%, respectively. In triple systemswith both outer (visual) and inner (spectroscopic) orbits known, we findan anti-correlation between the periods of inner sub-systems and theeccentricities of outer orbits which must be related to dynamicalstability constraints. Tables 1, 2, and 6 are only available inelectronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr(130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/382/118
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Kinematics of Hipparcos Visual Binaries. II. Stars with Ground-Based Orbital Solutions
This paper continues kinematical investigations of the Hipparcos visualbinaries with known orbits. A sample, consisting of 804 binary systemswith orbital elements determined from ground-based observations, isselected. The mean relative error of their parallaxes is about 12% andthe mean relative error of proper motions is about 4%. However, even 41%of the sample stars lack radial velocity measurements. The computedGalactic velocity components and other kinematical parameters are usedto divide the stars with known radial velocities into kinematical agegroups. The majority (92%) of binaries from the sample are thin diskstars, 7.6% have thick disk kinematics and only two binaries have halokinematics. Among them, the long-period variable Mira Ceti has a verydiscordant {Hipparcos} and ground-based parallax values. From the wholesample, 60 stars are ascribed to the thick disk and halo population.There is an urgent need to increase the number of the identified halobinaries with known orbits and substantially improve the situation withradial velocity data for stars with known orbits.
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CCD measurements of visual double stars made with the 74 cm and 50 cm refractors of the Nice Observatory (2nd series)
We present 619 measurements of 606 visual double stars made by CCDimaging from 1996 to 1999 with the 74 cm and 50 cm refractors of theNice observatory. Angular separation, position angle and magnitudedifference are given. Magnitude differences estimated from CCD imagesare compared with magnitude differences given in the Hipparcos catalog.The residuals in angular separation and position angle are computed forbinaries with known orbit. Table 2 is only available in electronic format the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) orvia http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/378/954
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Research Note Hipparcos photometry: The least variable stars
The data known as the Hipparcos Photometry obtained with the Hipparcossatellite have been investigated to find those stars which are leastvariable. Such stars are excellent candidates to serve as standards forphotometric systems. Their spectral types suggest in which parts of theHR diagrams stars are most constant. In some cases these values stronglyindicate that previous ground based studies claiming photometricvariability are incorrect or that the level of stellar activity haschanged. Table 2 is only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/367/297
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Binary star speckle measurements at Calar Alto. I.
We present the first results of our speckle interferometric measurementsof binary stars made with the ICCD speckle camera using the 1.52-mtelescope of the Observatorio Astronomico Nacional at Calar Alto (Spain)in September, 1999. The data contain 123 observations of 83 systems. Themeasured angular separations range from 0farcs153 to 6farcs727 . We haveused there new speckle measurements to improve the orbital elements forthe binaries COU 247 and BU 524 AB.
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Speckle Observations of Double Stars with PISCO at Pic du Midi: Measurements in 1998
We present astrometric measurements of binary stars based on speckleobservations of 164 independent sequences of observations(~104 frames each) made with the PISCO speckle camera at Picdu Midi. These measurements concern 147 objects, of which 134 were foundto be double with a separation in the range 0.1"-1.0". These objectswere mainly selected among grade 3 orbits to improve the accuracy oftheir orbits and to constrain their masses. We discovered the binarityof 59 Aql with an angular separation of 0.09"+/-0.01".
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Speckle Interferometry at the US Naval Observatory. VI.
The results of 1068 speckle interferometric observations of doublestars, made with the 26 inch (0.66 m) refractor of the US NavalObservatory, are presented. These observations are averaged into 841means of 815 binary stars. The systems range in separation from 0.22" to6.01" with a mean separation of 2.21" and have a limiting secondarymagnitude of V=12.5. This is the sixth in a series of papers presentingmeasures obtained with this system, and it covers the period 1999January 1 through 2000 January 9.
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ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XXIII. Measurements during 1982-1997 from Six Telescopes, with 14 New Orbits
We present 2017 observations of 1286 binary stars, observed by means ofspeckle interferometry using six telescopes over a 15 year period from1982 April to 1997 June. These measurements constitute the 23dinstallment in CHARA's speckle program at 2 to 4 m class telescopes andinclude the second major collection of measurements from the MountWilson 100 inch (2.5 m) Hooker Telescope. Orbital elements are alsopresented for 14 systems, seven of which have had no previouslypublished orbital analyses.
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Micrometer measurements of double stars made at the Côte D'Azur and Calar Alto observatories
We report 312 micrometer measurements of 155 visual double stars madewith the 50 cm refractor at the Côte D'Azur observatory (Nice,France) and with the 152 cm telescope at Calar Alto observatory(Almería, Spain).
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Two-colour photometry for 9473 components of close Hipparcos double and multiple stars
Using observations obtained with the Tycho instrument of the ESAHipparcos satellite, a two-colour photometry is produced for componentsof more than 7 000 Hipparcos double and multiple stars with angularseparations 0.1 to 2.5 arcsec. We publish 9473 components of 5173systems with separations above 0.3 arcsec. The majority of them did nothave Tycho photometry in the Hipparcos catalogue. The magnitudes arederived in the Tycho B_T and V_T passbands, similar to the Johnsonpassbands. Photometrically resolved components of the binaries withstatistically significant trigonometric parallaxes can be put on an HRdiagram, the majority of them for the first time. Based on observationsmade with the ESA Hipparcos satellite.
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Observations of Double Stars. XVIII.
Micrometer observations of 1350 pairs in 1995-1997 are listed.
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Micrometer measurements of visual double stars made at the Cote d'Azur Observatory.
Not Available
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Mesures d'etoiles doubles faites aux lunettes de 74 et 50 CM de l'Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
We give 657 measurements of double stars, Table 1 by R. Gili with CCDcamera, Table 2 by P. Couteau with filar micrometer. Tables 1 and 2 areonly available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html.
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ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XVII. Measurements During 1993-1995 From the Mount Wilson 2.5-M Telescope.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1997AJ....114.1639H&db_key=AST
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Measurements of close binaries performed at PIC DU Midi
A total of 241 measurements of 119 close binaries observed with the 2-mTelescope Bernard Lyot at Pic du Midi Observatory are given. Themeasurements were performed with a micrometer with illuminated wires.
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Micrometer measurements of visual double stars made at Nice
Three-hundred thirty-five micrometer measurements of visual double starsmade at Nice Observatory with the 50-cm and 74-cm refractors arereported. The tables give the Washington Catalog number, letters of thecomponents if the star is multiple, the Aitken Catalog number, theobservational epoch, the observed position angle and angular distance,the number of nights, and the name of the observer.
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Observations of double stars and new pairs. XIV
Results of a continuing survey of visual double stars are presented,including 4880 measurements made from February 1987 to November 1989.The positions in WDS format and Durchmusterung numbers are given for 194pairs first reported here. Micrometer measurements of 1142 doubles madewith the Swarthmore 61 cm refractor are presented. Magnitudes areestimated for some of the objects. Plate measurements, plateorientations, position angles, number of nights, and measured exposuresare given. Visual observations of 342 pairs obtained in May 1989 atCerro Tololo, mostly with the 1.0 m reflector, are reported.
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. V - Measurements during 1988-1989 from the Kitt Peak and the Cerro Tololo 4 M telescopes
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1990AJ.....99..965M&db_key=AST
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Measurements of binaries made with the 152-cm telescope at Calar Alto
A total of 143 micrometer measurements are presented for 58 double starsobserved with the 152-cm telescope of the National AstronomicalObservatory at Calar Alto. This is the first published list ofobservations of this kind made with this telescope.
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. IV - Measurements during 1986-1988 from the Kitt Peak 4 M telescope
One thousand five hundred and fifty measurements of 1006 binary starsystems observed mostly during 1986 through mid-1988 by means of speckleinterferometry with the KPNO 4-m telescope are presented. Twenty-onesystems are directly resolved for the first time, including newcomponents to the cool supergiant Alpha Her A and the Pleiades shellstar Pleione. A continuing survey of The Bright Star Catalogue yieldedeight new binaries from 293 bright stars observed. Corrections tospeckle measures from the GSU/CHARA ICCD speckle camera previouslypublished are presented and discussed.
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Interferometric Observations of Double Stars in 1985 and 1986
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1988A&AS...72..563T&db_key=AST
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Micrometer Measurements of Visual Double Stars Obtained at the Nice and Pic-Du Observatories
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1987A&AS...71..115L&db_key=AST
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. II - Measurements during 1982-1985 from the Kitt Peak 4 M telescope
This paper represents the continuation of a systematic program of binarystar speckle interferometry initiated at the 4 m telescope on Kitt Peakin late 1975. Between 1975 and 1981, the observations were obtained witha photographic speckle camera, the data from which were reduced byoptical analog methods. In mid-1982, a new speckle camera employing anintensified charge-coupled device as the detector continued the programand necessitated the development of new digital procedures for reducingand analyzing speckle data. The camera and the data-processingtechniques are described herein. This paper presents 2780 newmeasurements of 1012 binary and multiple star systems, including thefirst direct resolution of 64 systems, for the interval 1982 through1985.
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Interferometric observations of double stars in 1983 and 1984
Position angles and separations of visual binary stars have beenmeasured with a photoelectric phase-grating interferometer on the 1-mreflector on Mt. Sanglok. The observational technique is brieflydescribed. The 134 measurements of 123 pairs with rho of between 0.05and 0.07 arcsec and the residuals from the ephemerides are given. HR 813= Mu Cet has been resolved interferometrically for the first time.
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Micrometric observations of visual double stars
A new program of visual double-star observations obtained during theperiod from May 26, 1982 to Feb. 24, 1983 at the Torino AstronomicalObservatory is discussed. A list concerning 480 micrometric measurementsof 149 pairs is reported. For orbital double stars, a comparison withthe orbits reported by Muller and Couteau (1979) is given.
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Measurements of double stars at Nice with 74-cm and 50-cm refractors
A total of 717 measures of 287 binaries made at the 74-cm and 50-cmrefractors are presented. These are mostly very close binariesdiscovered recently, for which a rapid orbital motion is evident forabout 30 percent.
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Micrometer Observations of Double Stars and New Pairs - Part Ten
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1980ApJS...44..111H&db_key=AST
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INHABITED SKY
