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The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| Late A-type stars: new Strömgren photometric calibrations of absolute magnitudes from HIPPARCOS
Hipparcos trigonometric parallaxes have been used to derive aphotometric absolute magnitude calibration of main-sequence late A-typestars in terms of Strömgren photometric indices - accounting fortemperature, evolution and metallicity effects - and projectedequatorial rotational velocities. The derived calibrations are valid formain-sequence normal A3-A9 and metallic Am stars, showing residuals of0.22 and 0.20 magnitudes, respectively. One of the fitting methods used(BCES) allows the derivation of the observational ZAMS in this spectralrange, showing an excellent accordance with theoretical evolutionarymodels. The evolutionary state of the Am stars is also discussed.Table~A1 is only available in electronic form from CDS via anonymous ftp130.79.128.5, and by e-mail: request to cesca@am.ub.es
| A search for rapid oscillations in chemically peculiar A-type stars
In 1995 we initiated a Northern Hemisphere survey for rapidlyoscillating Ap stars. This paper presents the results including one newroAp star (HD 122970), the confirmation of rapid oscillations of HD99563 and apparent null results for other stars. Using Hipparcos data astatistical analysis of the absolute magnitudes and galacticdistributions of all known roAp and noAp stars (also taken from theliterature) was made. A systematic trend for most of the program starsin a M_{ V} vs. beta (index of the Strömgren uvbybeta system)diagram was detected leading to the conclusion that beta issystematically influenced by the chemical peculiarity and/or magneticfield. Three roAp stars are outside the delta Scuti instability stripwhich implies that the driving mechanism of the two classes of pulsatingstar is different. This is also suggested by new pulsation models. Nostatistical difference between the galactic distribution of roAp andnoAp stars was found.
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| Early type high-velocity stars in the solar neighborhood. IV - Four-color and H-beta photometry
Results are presented from photometric obaservations in the Stromgrenuvby four-color and H-beta systems of early-type high-velocity stars inthe solar neighborhood. Several types of photometrically peculiar starsare selected on the basis of their Stromgren indices and areprovisionally identified as peculiar A stars, field horizontal-branchstars, metal-poor stars near the Population II and old-disk turnoffs,metal-poor blue stragglers, or metallic-line A stars. Numerousphotometrically normal stars were also found.
| Maximum separations among cataloged binaries
The paper classifies many of the widest common-motion binaries listed inthe Aitken catalog and list 72 physical pairs with known photoelectricphotometry, 31 physical pairs without good photometry, and 27 opticalpairs. As a function of primary types, the physical systems have upperlimits to their separations that are exceeded by some of the opticalpairs. The fact that optical pairs occur with larger separations impliesthat the limits are real ones and not just catalog limitations. Thoselimits (in AU) are expressed by 2500 M1 exp 1.54 for B5-KO main-sequenceprimaries. The same limits hold for the Trapezium and hierarchicalsystems studied previously.
| Binary stars unresolved by speckle interferometry. III
The KPNO's 4-m telescope was used in 1975-1981 to determine the epochsof 1164 speckle observations for 469 unresolved, known or suspectedbinary stars. The data, presented in tabular form, encompass visualbinaries with eccentric orbits, occultation binaries, astrometricbinaries, Hyades stars of known or suspected duplicity, and many longperiod spectroscopic binaries.
| The nature of the visual companions of AP and AM stars
The stars in 43 visual multiples with Ap or Am primaries have beenclassified, and the fraction of systems that have Ap or Am secondariesis counted. The numbers of Ap secondaries are too few to be informative,but an apparent excess of Am secondaries is found. That result isunderstandable in terms of the (published) moderate correlation inrotational velocities between components in visual multiples. But invarious open clusters, the variations in frequencies of Ap and Am starscan be explained probably as statistical fluctuations in small numbersof stars, indicating no tendency for abnormal stars to group togetherfor dimensions larger than those of visual multiples.
| Multicolor photometry of metallic-line stars. III. A photometric catalogue
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1974RMxAA...1..175M&db_key=AST
| Catalogue et bibliographie des étoiles A à spectre particulier - Deuxième supplément
Not Available
| Three-color photometry of the components in 228 wide double and multiple systems.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1963AJ.....68..483E&db_key=AST
| Spectra and Colors of Early-Type Stars Near the North Galactic Pole.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1961ApJ...134..195S&db_key=AST
| Radial velocity measurements of some visual double stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1959AJ.....64..219S&db_key=AST
| A finding-list of stars of spectral type F2 and earlier in a north galactic pole region.
Not Available
| Spectrographic Observations of Visual Double Stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1955ApJ...121..337S&db_key=AST
| A survey of stars with composite spectra.
Not Available
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Chiens de chasse |
| Right ascension: | 12h56m44.77s |
| Declination: | +45°36'45.1" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 8.493 |
| Distance: | 584.795 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -30.2 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -21.6 |
| B-T magnitude: | 8.936 |
| V-T magnitude: | 8.53 |
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INHABITED SKY
