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The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the solar neighbourhood. III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics
Context: Ages, chemical compositions, velocity vectors, and Galacticorbits for stars in the solar neighbourhood are fundamental test datafor models of Galactic evolution. The Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of theSolar Neighbourhood (Nordström et al. 2004; GCS), amagnitude-complete, kinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F andG dwarfs, is the largest available sample with complete data for starswith ages spanning that of the disk. Aims: We aim to improve theaccuracy of the GCS data by implementing the recent revision of theHipparcos parallaxes. Methods: The new parallaxes yield improvedastrometric distances for 12 506 stars in the GCS. We also use theparallaxes to verify the distance calibration for uvby? photometryby Holmberg et al. (2007, A&A, 475, 519; GCS II). We add newselection criteria to exclude evolved cool stars giving unreliableresults and derive distances for 3580 stars with large parallax errorsor not observed by Hipparcos. We also check the GCS II scales of T_effand [Fe/H] and find no need for change. Results: Introducing thenew distances, we recompute MV for 16 086 stars, and U, V, W,and Galactic orbital parameters for the 13 520 stars that also haveradial-velocity measurements. We also recompute stellar ages from thePadova stellar evolution models used in GCS I-II, using the new valuesof M_V, and compare them with ages from the Yale-Yonsei andVictoria-Regina models. Finally, we compare the observed age-velocityrelation in W with three simulated disk heating scenarios to show thepotential of the data. Conclusions: With these revisions, thebasic data for the GCS stars should now be as reliable as is possiblewith existing techniques. Further improvement must await consolidationof the T_eff scale from angular diameters and fluxes, and the Gaiatrigonometric parallaxes. We discuss the conditions for improvingcomputed stellar ages from new input data, and for distinguishingdifferent disk heating scenarios from data sets of the size andprecision of the GCS.Full Table 1 is only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/501/941
| Search for Remnant Clouds Associated with the TW Hya Association
We report on a search for the parental molecular clouds of the TW Hyaassociation (TWA), using CO emission and NaI absorption lines. TWA isthe nearest young (˜50pc; ˜10Myr) stellar association; yet inspite of its youth there has been no detection of any associated natalmolecular gas, as is the case with other typical young clusters. Usinginfrared maps as a guide, we conducted a CO cloud survey toward a regionwith a dust extinction of E(B ? V) > 0.2mag, or AV> 0.6mag. CO emission was detected in the direction of three IR dustclouds, and we rejected one cloud out of the TWA, because nointerstellar Na absorption was detected in the nearby Hipparcos stars,implying that it is too distant to relate to the TWA. The two otherclouds exhibit only faint and small-scale CO emission. Interstellar NaIabsorptions of Hipparcos targets (HIP 57809, HIP 64837, and HIP 64925,at distances of 133, 81, and 101pc, respectively) by these clouds werealso detected. We conclude that only a small fraction of theinterstellar matter (ISM) toward the infrared (IR) dust cloud is locatedat a distance less than 100pc, which may be all that is left out of theremnant clouds of TWA; the remaining remnant cloud dissipated within thelast ˜1Myr. Such a short-dissipation timescale may be due to anexternal perturbation or kinematic segregation that has a large stellarproper motion relative to the natal cloud.
| Pulkovo compilation of radial velocities for 35495 stars in a common system.
Not Available
| The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| Secondary UVBY standards in the Harvard E-regions
Photoelectric uvby photometry for 201 stars which are already UBV (RI)cstandards is presented. The photoelectric data are closely tied to theCousins uvby standards and the stars should be suitable for use asfainter (7-11 mag) secondary standards.
| Secondary standards for H-beta photometry in the Southern Hemisphere (second series).
Not Available
| UBV (RI)c standard stars in the E- and F-regions and in the Magellanic Clouds - a revised catalogue.
Not Available
| A search for periodic variability of normal A-type stars
Detailed UBV measurements are presented for seventeen A-type stars, notclassified as peculiar, together with two peculiar A-type stars forcomparison. The results indicate that measurable variation is a rathercommon phenomenon among A-type stars.
| UBV photometry of E region standard stars of intermediate brightness
Photometry data are given for 335 stars in the nine E regions.Observations were made using a photometer and filters on the 47 cmreflector at Cape Town. The stellar dispersions are summarized. Data arepresented in tabular form.
| Atmospheric extinction in the /U-B/ color index
Various methods for obtaining the atmospheric extinction in the (U-B)color index taking into account the dependence of extinction coefficienton the intrinsic color index of the star are examined. Numericalintegrations are performed to determine synthetic color indices for 32stars of spectral classes O9 to M0 and luminosity classes I, III and Vthrough 0, 1 and 2 air masses, resulting in three (u-b) color indicesfor each star. Photometric reduction of the color indices to the (U-B)color index was then performed by the classical method, by the methodproposed by Gutierrez-Moreno et al. (1966) and various modifications ofit, and by the method proposed by Moffat and Vogt (1977). Comparisonwith observations of 71 stars in the standard region E5, nine extinctionstandard stars and 25 Johnson standard stars in the UBV reveals that thereduction of (U-B) by the classical method gives internal errors betweentwo and three times larger than those obtained for (B-V) and V, whilethe methods of Gutierrez-Moreno et al. and Moffat and Vogt providegreatly improved accuracy.
| Photometric standard stars for the UBV and (RI)KC systems.
Not Available
| Fainter Standards for VRI Photometry in the E Regions
Not Available
| Standard magnitudes in the E regions.
Not Available
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Centaurus |
| Right ascension: | 12h07m22.92s |
| Declination: | -43°14'47.4" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 7.211 |
| Distance: | 107.527 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -12.1 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -0.2 |
| B-T magnitude: | 7.691 |
| V-T magnitude: | 7.251 |
Catalogs and designations:
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INHABITED SKY
