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Chemical similarities between Galactic bulge and local thick disk red giants: O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, and Ti
Context. The formation and evolution of the Galactic bulge and itsrelationship with the other Galactic populations is still poorlyunderstood. Aims: To establish the chemical differences andsimilarities between the bulge and other stellar populations, weperformed an elemental abundance analysis of ?- (O, Mg, Si, Ca,and Ti) and Z-odd (Na and Al) elements of red giant stars in the bulgeas well as of local thin disk, thick disk and halo giants. Methods: We use high-resolution optical spectra of 25 bulge giants inBaade's window and 55 comparison giants (4 halo, 29 thin disk and 22thick disk giants) in the solar neighborhood. All stars have similarstellar parameters but cover a broad range in metallicity (-1.5 <[Fe/H] < +0.5). A standard 1D local thermodynamic equilibriumanalysis using both Kurucz and MARCS models yielded the abundances of O,Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti and Fe. Our homogeneous and differential analysisof the Galactic stellar populations ensured that systematic errors wereminimized. Results: We confirm the well-established differencesfor [?/Fe] at a given metallicity between the local thin and thickdisks. For all the elements investigated, we find no chemicaldistinction between the bulge and the local thick disk, in agreementwith our previous study of C, N and O but in contrast to other groupsrelying on literature values for nearby disk dwarf stars. For -1.5 <[Fe/H] < -0.3 exactly the same trend is followed by both the bulgeand thick disk stars, with a star-to-star scatter of only 0.03 dex.Furthermore, both populations share the location of the knee in the[?/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] diagram. It still remains to be confirmed thatthe local thick disk extends to super-solar metallicities as is the casefor the bulge. These are the most stringent constraints to date on thechemical similarity of these stellar populations. Conclusions:Our findings suggest that the bulge and local thick disk starsexperienced similar formation timescales, star formation rates andinitial mass functions, confirming thus the main outcomes of ourprevious homogeneous analysis of [O/Fe] from infrared spectra for nearlythe same sample. The identical ?-enhancements of thick disk andbulge stars may reflect a rapid chemical evolution taking place beforethe bulge and thick disk structures we see today were formed, or it mayreflect Galactic orbital migration of inner disk/bulge stars resultingin stars in the solar neighborhood with thick-disk kinematics.Tables 8-15 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/513/A35
| Chemical similarities between Galactic bulge and local thick disk red giant stars
Context: The evolution of the Milky Way bulge and its relationship withthe other Galactic populations is still poorly understood. The bulge hasbeen suggested to be either a merger-driven classical bulge or theproduct of a dynamical instability of the inner disk. Aims: To probethe star formation history, the initial mass function and stellarnucleosynthesis of the bulge, we performed an elemental abundanceanalysis of bulge red giant stars. We also completed an identical studyof local thin disk, thick disk and halo giants to establish the chemicaldifferences and similarities between the various populations. Methods:High-resolution infrared spectra of 19 bulge giants and 49 comparisongiants in the solar neighborhood were acquired with Gemini/Phoenix. Allstars have similar stellar parameters but cover a broad range inmetallicity. A standard 1D local thermodynamic equilibrium analysisyielded the abundances of C, N, O and Fe. A homogeneous and differentialanalysis of the bulge, halo, thin disk and thick disk stars ensured thatsystematic errors were minimized. Results: We confirm thewell-established differences for [O/Fe] (at a given metallicity) betweenthe local thin and thick disks. For the elements investigated, we findno chemical distinction between the bulge and the local thick disk,which is in contrast to previous studies relying on literature valuesfor disk dwarf stars in the solar neighborhood. Conclusions: Ourfindings suggest that the bulge and local thick disk experiencedsimilar, but not necessarily shared, chemical evolution histories. Weargue that their formation timescales, star formation rates and initialmass functions were similar.
| Medium-resolution Isaac Newton Telescope library of empirical spectra - II. The stellar atmospheric parameters
We present a homogeneous set of stellar atmospheric parameters(Teff, logg, [Fe/H]) for MILES, a new spectral stellarlibrary covering the range λλ 3525-7500Å at2.3Å (FWHM) spectral resolution. The library consists of 985 starsspanning a large range in atmospheric parameters, from super-metal-rich,cool stars to hot, metal-poor stars. The spectral resolution, spectraltype coverage and number of stars represent a substantial improvementover previous libraries used in population synthesis models. Theatmospheric parameters that we present here are the result of aprevious, extensive compilation from the literature. In order toconstruct a homogeneous data set of atmospheric parameters we have takenthe sample of stars of Soubiran, Katz & Cayrel, which has very welldetermined fundamental parameters, as the standard reference system forour field stars, and have calibrated and bootstrapped the data fromother papers against it. The atmospheric parameters for our clusterstars have also been revised and updated according to recent metallicityscales, colour-temperature relations and improved set of isochrones.
| Pulkovo compilation of radial velocities for 35495 stars in a common system.
Not Available
| Medium-resolution Isaac Newton Telescope library of empirical spectra
A new stellar library developed for stellar population synthesismodelling is presented. The library consists of 985 stars spanning alarge range in atmospheric parameters. The spectra were obtained at the2.5-m Isaac Newton Telescope and cover the range λλ3525-7500 Å at 2.3 Å (full width at half-maximum) spectralresolution. The spectral resolution, spectral-type coverage,flux-calibration accuracy and number of stars represent a substantialimprovement over previous libraries used in population-synthesis models.
| Oxygen line formation in late-F through early-K disk/halo stars. Infrared O I triplet and [O I] lines
In order to investigate the formation of O I 7771-5 and [O I] 6300/6363lines, extensive non-LTE calculations for neutral atomic oxygen werecarried out for wide ranges of model atmosphere parameters, which areapplicable to early-K through late-F halo/disk stars of variousevolutionary stages.The formation of the triplet O I lines was found to be well described bythe classical two-level-atom scattering model, and the non-LTEcorrection is practically determined by the parameters of theline-transition itself without any significant relevance to the detailsof the oxygen atomic model. This simplifies the problem in the sensethat the non-LTE abundance correction is essentially determined only bythe line-strength (Wlambda ), if the atmospheric parametersof Teff, log g, and xi are given, without any explicitdependence of the metallicity; thus allowing a useful analytical formulawith tabulated numerical coefficients. On the other hand, ourcalculations lead to the robust conclusion that LTE is totally valid forthe forbidden [O I] lines.An extensive reanalysis of published equivalent-width data of O I 7771-5and [O I] 6300/6363 taken from various literature resulted in theconclusion that, while a reasonable consistency of O I and [O I]abundances was observed for disk stars (-1 <~ [Fe/H] <~ 0), theexistence of a systematic abundance discrepancy was confirmed between OI and [O I] lines in conspicuously metal-poor halo stars (-3 <~[Fe/H] <~ -1) without being removed by our non-LTE corrections, i.e.,the former being larger by ~ 0.3 dex at -3 <~ [Fe/H] <~ -2.An inspection of the parameter-dependence of this discordance indicatesthat the extent of the discrepancy tends to be comparatively lessenedfor higher Teff/log g stars, suggesting the preference ofdwarf (or subgiant) stars for studying the oxygen abundances ofmetal-poor stars.Tables 2, 5, and 7 are only available in electronic form, at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/402/343 and Table\ref{tab3} is only available in electronic form athttp://www.edpsciences.org
| Catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations for FGK stars: 2001 edition
The catalogue presented here is a compilation of published atmosphericparameters (Teff, log g, [Fe/H]) obtained from highresolution, high signal-to-noise spectroscopic observations. This newedition has changed compared to the five previous versions. It is nowrestricted to intermediate and low mass stars (F, G and K stars). Itcontains 6354 determinations of (Teff, log g, [Fe/H]) for3356 stars, including 909 stars in 79 stellar systems. The literature iscomplete between January 1980 and December 2000 and includes 378references. The catalogue is made up of two tables, one for field starsand one for stars in galactic associations, open and globular clustersand external galaxies. The catalogue is distributed through the CDSdatabase. Access to the catalogue with cross-identification to othersets of data is also possible with VizieR (Ochsenbein et al.\cite{och00}). The catalogue (Tables 1 and 2) is only available inelectronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr(130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/373/159 and VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/.
| Estimation of Stellar Metal Abundance. II. A Recalibration of the Ca II K Technique, and the Autocorrelation Function Method
We have recalibrated a method for the estimation of stellar metalabundance, parameterized as [Fe/H], based on medium-resolution (1-2Å) optical spectra (the majority of which cover the wavelengthrange 3700-4500 Å). The equivalent width of the Ca II K line (3933Å) as a function of [Fe/H] and broadband B-V color, as predictedfrom spectrum synthesis and model atmosphere calculations, is comparedwith observations of 551 stars with high-resolution abundances availablefrom the literature (a sevenfold increase in the number of calibrationstars that were previously available). A second method, based on theFourier autocorrelation function technique first described by Ratnatunga& Freeman, is used to provide an independent estimate of [Fe/H], ascalibrated by comparison with 405 standard-star abundances.Metallicities based on a combination of the two techniques for dwarfsand giants in the color range 0.30<=(B-V)_0<=1.2 exhibit anexternal 1 sigma scatter of approximately 0.10-0.20 dex over theabundance range -4.0<=[Fe/H]<=0.5. Particular attention has beengiven to the determination of abundance estimates at the metal-rich endof the calibration, where our previous attempt suffered from aconsiderable zero-point offset. Radial velocities, accurate toapproximately 10 km s^-1, are reported for all 551 calibration stars.
| Catalogs of temperatures and [Fe/H] averages for evolved G and K stars
A catalog of mean values of [Fe/H] for evolved G and K stars isdescribed. The zero point for the catalog entries has been establishedby using differential analyses. Literature sources for those entries areincluded in the catalog. The mean values are given with rms errors andnumbers of degrees of freedom, and a simple example of the use of thesestatistical data is given. For a number of the stars with entries in thecatalog, temperatures have been determined. A separate catalogcontaining those data is briefly described. Catalog only available atthe CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| A catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations: 1996 edition
A fifth Edition of the Catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations is presentedherewith. It contains 5946 determinations for 3247 stars, including 751stars in 84 associations, clusters or galaxies. The literature iscomplete up to December 1995. The 700 bibliographical referencescorrespond to [Fe/H] determinations obtained from high resolutionspectroscopic observations and detailed analyses, most of them carriedout with the help of model-atmospheres. The Catalogue is made up ofthree formatted files: File 1: field stars, File 2: stars in galacticassociations and clusters, and stars in SMC, LMC, M33, File 3: numberedlist of bibliographical references The three files are only available inelectronic form at the Centre de Donnees Stellaires in Strasbourg, viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5), or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| Spectroscopy for E and S0 galaxies in nine clusters
Central velocity dispersions, Mg_2 line indices and radial velocitiesfor 220 E and S0 galaxies are derived on the basis of intermediateresolution spectroscopy. Galaxies in the following clusters have beenobserved: Abell 194, Abell 539, Abell 3381, Abell 3574, S639, S753,Doradus, HydraI (Abell 1060) and Grm 15. For 151 of the galaxies, thevelocity dispersion has not previously been measured. 134 of the Mg_2determinations are for galaxies with no previous measurement. Thespectra cover either 500 or 1000A, centred on the magnesium triplet at5177A. The observations were obtained with the Boller & Chivensspectrograph at the ESO 1.5-m telescope and with the OPTOPUS, amulti-object fibre-fed B&C spectrograph, at the ESO 3.6-m telescope.The data are part of our ongoing study of the large-scale motions in theUniverse and the physical background for the Fundamental Plane. TheFourier fitting method was used to derive the velocity dispersions andradial velocities. The velocity dispersions have been corrected for theeffect of the size of the aperture. The correction was established onthe basis of velocity dispersion profiles available in the literature. Acomparison with results from Davies et al. shows that the derivedcentral velocity dispersions have an rms error of 0.036 in logsigma.There is no offset relative to the velocity dispersions from Davies etal. The offset relative to data from Lucey & Carter is-0.017+/-0.011 in logsigma, with our velocity dispersions being thesmallest. The velocity dispersions derived from the B&C and theOPTOPUS observations, as well as the velocity dispersions published byDavies et al., Dressler, Lucey & Carter and Lucey et al., can bebrought on a system consistent within 3 per cent. The Mg_2 line indiceshave been corrected for the size of the apertures, transformed to theLick system, and corrected for the effect of the velocity dispersion.From comparison with data from Davies et al. and from Faber, we findthat the rms error of Mg_2 is 0.013. Comparisons of the radialvelocities with data from the literature show that our determinationsare accurate to within ~=35 km s^-1. The accuracies reached for theseobservations are adequate for the study of the large-scale motions inthe Universe and for investigations of the Fundamental Plane.
| The general catalogue of trigonometric [stellar] paralaxes
Not Available
| Secondary photometric standard stars for the Thuan-Gunn and Johnson-Kron-Cousins systems
CCD photometry is presented for 119 stars observed in the Thuan-Gunnphotometric system (the passbands vgr). The sample includes 82 stars forwhich magnitudes in this system have not previously been published.Photometry in the Johnson-Kron-Cousins photometric system (BV or UBV)has been obtained for a subsample of 85 of the stars. Of those starswhich are not primary standard stars for the Thuan-Gunn system 70observed in Gunn r, 48 observed in Gunn g, and 37 observed in Gunn vhave sufficient repeat measurements that they may be used as secondarystandard stars for CCD photometry. The typical uncertainties for themagnitudes of these stars are 0.006 mag.
| Reddening estimation for halo red giants using UVBY photometry
Updated uvby observations for a larger sample of metal-deficient redgiants are presented and combined with a select sample of data from theliterature transformed to a common system. Using the reddening maps ofBurstein & Heiles (1982), new absolute magnitudes, distances,metallicities, and reddenings are derived for each star. Themetallicities are determined with a revised calibration of them1, (b-y) diagram based upon comparison to a complilation ofrecent spectrsoscopic abundances transformed to a common system. Thephotometric abundances agree very well with the spectroscopic; thedispersion among the residuals for 58 giants is +/- 0.16 dex. Thedereddened indices are used to show that for red giants with (Fe/H) lessthan -1.5, there is a well-defined relation in the c0,(b-y)0 diagram which exhibits only a weak dependence uponmetallicity. Use of the standard relations allows one to obtainreddening estimates for normal halo field giants and globular clustersin the appropriate metallicity range.
| CCD surface photometry for E and S0 galaxies in the Coma cluster
The paper presents CCD surface photometry in Johnson B and Gunn r for 33galaxies in the Coma cluster and for 13 galaxies in the field or inother clusters, obtained with the Danish 1.54-m telescope at the ESO, LaSilla, Chile in the period April 3-10, 1989. The data were calibratedwith standard stars. Data for all galaxies include derivations ofeffective radius, mean surface brightness, and total magnitude. Goodagreement was found between the photometry and the global parameterspresented with data of Dressler, Faber, Burstein and theircollaborators, indicating that the quality of the CCD data is fullyadequate for studies of the large-scale motions in the universe.
| A catalogue of Fe/H determinations - 1991 edition
A revised version of the catalog of Fe/H determinations published by G.Cayrel et al. (1985) is presented. The catalog contains 3252 Fe/Hdeterminations for 1676 stars. The literature is complete up to December1990. The catalog includes only Fe/H determinations obtained from highresolution spectroscopic observations based on detailed spectroscopicanalyses, most of them carried out with model atmospheres. The catalogcontains a good number of Fe/H determinations for stars from open andglobular clusters and for some supergiants in the Magellanic Clouds.
| A critical appraisal of published values of (Fe/H) for K II-IV stars
'Primary' (Fe/H) averages are presented for 373 evolved K stars ofluminosity classes II-IV and (Fe/H) values beween -0.9 and +0.21 dex.The data define a 'consensus' zero point with a precision of + or -0.018 dex and have rms errors per datum which are typically 0.08-0.16dex. The primary data base makes recalibration possible for the large(Fe/H) catalogs of Hansen and Kjaergaard (1971) and Brown et al. (1989).A set of (Fe/H) standard stars and a new DDO calibration are given whichhave rms of 0.07 dex or less for the standard star data. For normal Kgiants, CN-based values of (Fe/H) turn out to be more precise than manyhigh-dispersion results. Some zero-point errors in the latter are alsofound and new examples of continuum-placement problems appear. Thushigh-dispersion results are not invariably superior to photometricmetallicities. A review of high-dispersion and related work onsupermetallicity in K III-IV star is also given.
| Oxygen in old and thick disk stars
High resolution Reticon and CCD spectra comprehending the forbidden O I6300.311 line were obtained for old and thick disk stars. The spacevelocities were studied in order to classify the stars in the differentpopulation groups. The present results show that oxygen seems to beoverabundant relative to iron for metallicities Fe/H abundance ratio = -0.8. For metallicities with Fe/H abundance ratios between - 0.8 and -0.5, there seems to be a spread in the O/Fe abundance ratios. Thisspread could be an indication of a thick disk phase in thechemicodynamical evolution of the Galaxy. A difference seems to appearbetween oxygen-to-iron ratios derived from the forbidden and thepermitted lines.
| An atlas of stellar spectra between 2.00 and 2.45 microns
Spectra between 2.00 and 2.45 microns, with a resolution of about 0.02micron are presented for a sample of 73 stars. These stars include asupergiant, giants, dwarfs and subdwarfs, and have a range in chemicalabundance from about -2 to +0.5 dex.
| Photographic astrometry of binary and proper-motion stars. III
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1987AJ.....94.1077H&db_key=AST
| Population studies. II - Kinematics as a function of abundance and galactocentric position for (Fe/H) of -0.6 or less
A catalog is presented of some 1200 Galactic objects which have radialvelocities and (Fe/H) abundances of -0.6 or less. These data areanalyzed to yield information on the kinematic properties of the olderpopulations of the Galaxy and on the interdependence between kinematicsand abundance. It is found that the kinematics of the availablekinematically selected stars differ from those of the nonkinematicallyselected objects. No evidence is found for any significant difference inthe kinematic properties of the various halo subgroups, nor for anydependence of kinematics on abundance. While the rotation of the halo issmall at about 37 km/s for (Fe/H) of -1.2 or less, it rises quickly forhigher abundances to a value of about 160 km/s at (Fe/H) = 0.6. Objectsin the abundance range -0.9 to -0.6 appear to belong predominantly to apopulation possessing the kinematic characteristics of a thick disk. Theimplications of these findings for the suggestion that globular clustersbelong to the same population as the noncluster objects, for the originof the thick disk, and for the mass of the Galaxy are discussed.
| Differential population synthesis of early-type galaxies. I - Spectrophotometric atlas of synthesis standard spectra
Continuous spectrophotometry has been obtained for 200 objects at aresolution of 10-17 A over the wavelength region 3600-10,000 A.Kron-Cousins BVRI colors are computed from the spectra and compared withpublished photoelectric photometry. The (V - R)C color index is used togroup the individual observations to form synthesis standard spectra for48 common spectral types. The standard groups include a solar abundancesequence of most spectral types and luminosity classes, metal-rich andmetal weak G - K giant-branch sequences, and horizontal-branch giants.The variations with color, luminosity, and metallicity of severalprominent line strengths are discussed. The spectral atlas is availableas a FITS magnetic tape.
| Metal abundances in 26 halo stars
Metal abundances are derived for 26 field halo giants by means of highdispersion spectra and a model atmosphere analysis. The stars cover awide range in metal abundance from slighty less than solar to very metalpoor. In this range the relative abundances of most of the studiedelements are approximtely solar. A deficiency of Ba in very metal poorstars such as suggested by Spite and Spite (1979) is confirmed by thepresent observations.
| UBV Photometry of Equatorial Stars
Not Available
| A photometric search for halo binaries. I - New observatinal data. II - Results
Carney (1982) has reported JHK photometry for 76 Hyades dwarfs. Inconnection with the present investigation, results of similarobservations of field halo stars are provided along with some uvbyphotometry. In addition, older spectrophotometric and photometric dataused previously for temperature determinations have been collected. Theinfrared and uvby data were obtained primarily with the objective ofidentifying binaries with dissimilar components among a sample of fieldhalo dwarfs by comparing metallicity insensitive blue and infraredcolors. Attention is given to 111 spectrophotometric scans of 89 stars,67 uvby measures of 41 stars, 127 UBV measures of 87 stars, 147 (RI)Jmeasures of 127 stars, 8 JHK measures of eight stars in the 'HCO'system, and 212 JHK measures of 137 stars in the 'CIT' system. Themajority of these stars are dwarfs, and most of them are metal poor. Theresults of a search for binaries in 71 halo dwarf stars are alsopresented, taking into account a few other dwarfs of special interest.
| The Hyades main sequence
Intermediate band, H-beta and RI observations of 72 Hyades cluster starsto V = 11 mag are reported and discussed. A modulus of 3.2 mag isderived on the basis of a comparison with field stars of large parallax.Also presented are observations of 98 main-sequence stars of the Hyadesgroup that were previously found to be group members from kinematicalconsiderations. Parallaxes of the group stars, computed on theassumption that they are members of an extended Hyades cluster, yieldmean values of (U, V, W) = (+40.5, -18.4, -4.9) km/s, with dispersionsof (2.3, 2.3, 6.0) km/s, compared with (+41.7, -18.4, -2.0) and (2.6,1.3, 1.9) km/s for the brightest cluster members. It is noted that allthe stars discussed can be considered as members of a supercluster inwhich only a slight relaxation control of the W velocities is presentfor stars far from the nucleus. Evidence is found, including that of thePraesepe cluster at Z = +80 pc, for some interchange between the U, V,and W velocities in stars farthest from the galactic plane, with thetotal cluster velocity being maintained.
| The globular cluster system of the Galaxy. I - The metal abundances and reddenings of 70 globular clusters from integrated light measurements
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1980ApJS...42...19Z&db_key=AST
| A photoelectric measurement of magnesium for late-type stars
A photoelectric index of MgH + Mg b for late-type stars has been createdby the addition of one filter bandpass to the DDO system. Measurementsshow that this index has good sensitivity to surface gravity for Kstars, and suggest that it can differentiate metal-poor halo giants fromdisk stars. From this index, involving measurement through two filtersalone, it appears that membership can be determined for stars on thegiant branch of globular clusters. It is possible that the index couldbe used, after calibration with cluster giants, to determine ages ofgiant stars in the field.
| Intermediate-band photometry of late-type stars. VIII - Nonvariable stars in the halo population near the sun
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1979ApJ...229..158E&db_key=AST
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Hydra |
| Right ascension: | 09h01m14.79s |
| Declination: | -02°33'41.7" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 7.519 |
| Distance: | 507.614 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -129 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -56.7 |
| B-T magnitude: | 8.984 |
| V-T magnitude: | 7.64 |
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INHABITED SKY
