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The massive binary CPD - 41° 7742. II. Optical light curve and X-ray observations
In the first paper of this series, we presented a detailedhigh-resolution spectroscopic study of CPD - 41°7742, deriving for the first time an orbital solution for bothcomponents of the system. In this second paper, we focus on the analysisof the optical light curve and on recent XMM-Newton X-ray observations.In the optical, the system presents two eclipses, yielding aninclination i77°. Combining the constraints from the photometrywith the results of our previous work, we derive the absolute parametersof the system. We confirm that the two components of CPD -41° 7742 are main sequence stars (O9 V + B1-1.5 V) withmasses (M_118 Mȯ and M_210 Mȯ)and respective radii (R_17.5 Rȯ and R_25.4Rȯ) close to the typical values expected for such stars.We also report an unprecedented set of X-ray observations that almostuniformly cover the 2.44-day orbital cycle. The X-ray emission fromCPD - 41° 7742 is well described by atwo-temperature thermal plasma model with energies close to 0.6 and 1.0keV, thus slightly harder than typical early-type emission. The X-raylight curve shows clear signs of variability. The emission level ishigher when the primary is in front of the secondary. During the highemission state, the system shows a drop of its X-ray emission thatalmost exactly matches the optical eclipse. We interpret the mainfeatures of the X-ray light curve as the signature of a wind-photosphereinteraction, in which the overwhelming primary O9 star wind crashes intothe secondary surface. Alternatively the light curve could result from awind-wind interaction zone located near the secondary star surface. As asupport to our interpretation, we provide a phenomenological geometricmodel that qualitatively reproduces the observed modulations of theX-ray emission.
| A Galactic O Star Catalog
We have produced a catalog of 378 Galactic O stars with accuratespectral classifications that is complete for V<8 but includes manyfainter stars. The catalog provides cross-identifications with othersources; coordinates (obtained in most cases from Tycho-2 data);astrometric distances for 24 of the nearest stars; optical (Tycho-2,Johnson, and Strömgren) and NIR photometry; group membership,runaway character, and multiplicity information; and a Web-based versionwith links to on-line services.
| On the Hipparcos parallaxes of O stars
We compare the absolute visual magnitude of the majority of bright Ostars in the sky as predicted from their spectral type with the absolutemagnitude calculated from their apparent magnitude and the Hipparcosparallax. We find that many stars appear to be much fainter thanexpected, up to five magnitudes. We find no evidence for a correlationbetween magnitude differences and the stellar rotational velocity assuggested for OB stars by Lamers et al. (1997, A&A, 325, L25), whosesmall sample of stars is partly included in ours. Instead, by means of asimulation we show how these differences arise naturally from the largedistances at which O stars are located, and the level of precision ofthe parallax measurements achieved by Hipparcos. Straightforwardlyderiving a distance from the Hipparcos parallax yields reliable resultsfor one or two O stars only. We discuss several types of bias reportedin the literature in connection with parallax samples (Lutz-Kelker,Malmquist) and investigate how they affect the O star sample. Inaddition, we test three absolute magnitude calibrations from theliterature (Schmidt-Kaler et al. 1982, Landolt-Börnstein; Howarth& Prinja 1989, ApJS, 69, 527; Vacca et al. 1996, ApJ, 460, 914) andfind that they are consistent with the Hipparcos measurements. AlthoughO stars conform nicely to the simulation, we notice that some B stars inthe sample of \citeauthor{La97} have a magnitude difference larger thanexpected.
| A Compact Array imaging survey of southern bright-rimmed clouds
We have carried out a radio-wavelength imaging survey of 45bright-rimmed clouds (BRCs), using the Australia Telescope Compact Arrayto characterise the physical properties in their ionised boundarylayers. We detected radio emission from a total of 25 clouds and using acombination of Digitised Sky Survey and mid-infrared MSX 8 \mum imagesclassified the emission into that associated with the ionised cloudrims, that associated with embedded possible massive YSOs and thatunlikely to be associated with the clouds at all. A total of 18 cloudsdisplay radio emission clearly associated with the cloud rim and wedetermine the ionising photon flux illuminating these clouds and theelectron density and pressure of their ionised boundary layers. Using aglobal estimate for the interior molecular pressure of these clouds weshow that the majority are likely to be in pressure equilibrium andhence are currently being shocked by photoionisation-induced shocks. Weidentify those clouds where the predicted ionising photon flux isinconsistent with that derived from the observations and show thateither the spectral types of the stars illuminating the BRCs are earlierthan previously thought or that there must be additional ionisingsources within the HII regions. Finally, we identify the radio sourcesembedded within the clouds with infrared stellar clusters and show thatthey contain late O and early B-type stars, demonstrating that a numberof BRCs are intimately involved with high to intermediate-mass starformation.Full Figs. \ref{fig:images} and \ref{fig:sfo86dss} are only available inelectronic form at http://www.edpsciences.org
| Masses and other parameters of massive binaries
Binary stars provide us with the means to measure stellar mass. Here Ipresent several lists of known O-type stars with reliable mass estimatesthat are members of eclipsing, double-lined spectroscopic binaries. Themasses of young, unevolved stars in binaries are suitable for testingthe predictions of evolutionary codes, and there is good agreementbetween the observed and predicted masses (based upon temperature andluminosity) if the lower temperature scale from line-blanketed modelatmospheres is adopted. A final table lists masses for systems in awide variety of advanced evolutionary stages.
| The total-to-selective extinction ratio determined from near IR photometry of OB stars
The paper presents an extensive list of the total to selectiveextinction ratios R calculated from the infrared magnitudes of 597 O andB stars using the extrapolation method. The IR magnitudes of these starswere taken from the literature. The IR colour excesses are determinedwith the aid of "artificial standards" - Wegner (1994). The individualand mean values of total to selective extinction ratios R differ in mostcases from the average value R=3.10 +/-0.05 - Wegner (1993) in differentOB associations. The relation between total to selective extinctionratios R determined in this paper and those calculated using the "methodof variable extinction" and the Cardelli et al. (1989) formulae isdiscussed. The R values presented in this paper can be used to determineindividual absolute magnitudes of reddened OB stars with knowntrigonometric parallaxes.
| Autocorrelation Analysis of Hipparcos Photometry of Short-Period Be Stars
We have used Hipparcos epoch photometry and a form of autocorrelationanalysis to investigate the amplitude and timescale of the short-periodvariability of 82 Be stars, including 46 Be stars that were analyzed byHubert & Floquet using Fourier and CLEAN analysis and 36 other Bestars that were suspected of short-period variability. Our method hasgiven useful information for about 84% of these stars; for the rest, thetime distribution of the Hipparcos epoch photometry limits thecapability of our technique.
| New periodic variables from the Hipparcos epoch photometry
Two selection statistics are used to extract new candidate periodicvariables from the epoch photometry of the Hipparcos catalogue. Theprimary selection criterion is a signal-to-noise ratio. The dependenceof this statistic on the number of observations is calibrated usingabout 30000 randomly permuted Hipparcos data sets. A significance levelof 0.1 per cent is used to extract a first batch of candidate variables.The second criterion requires that the optimal frequency be unaffectedif the data are de-trended by low-order polynomials. We find 2675 newcandidate periodic variables, of which the majority (2082) are from theHipparcos`unsolved' variables. Potential problems with theinterpretation of the data (e.g. aliasing) are discussed.
| Detached double-lined eclipsing binaries as critical tests of stellar evolution. Age and metallicity determinations from the HR diagram
Detached, double-lined spectroscopic binaries that are also eclipsingprovide the most accurate determinations of stellar mass, radius,temperature and distance-independent luminosity for each of theirindividual components, and hence constitute a stringent test ofsingle-star stellar evolution theory. We compile a large sample of 60non-interacting, well-detached systems mostly with typical errorssmaller than 2% for mass and radius and smaller than 5% for effectivetemperature, and compare them with the properties predicted by stellarevolutionary tracks from a minimization method. To assess the systematicerrors introduced by a given set of tracks, we compare the resultsobtained using three widely-used independent sets of tracks, computedwith different physical ingredients (the Geneva, Padova and Granadamodels). We also test the hypothesis that the components of thesesystems are coeval and have the same metallicity, and compare thederived ages and metallicities with the ones obtained by fitting asingle isochrone to the system. Overall, there is a good agreement amongthe different determinations, and we provide a comprehensive discussionon the sub-sample of systems which either present problems or haveestimated metallicities. Although within the errors the published trackscan fit most of the systems, a large degeneracy between age andmetallicity remains. The power of the test is thus limited because themetallicities of most of the systems are unknown. The full version ofTable 6 is only available in the electronic form athttp://www.edpsciences.org
| Tomographic Separation of Composite Spectra. VII. The Physical Properties of the Massive Triple System HD 135240 (δ Circini)
We present the results of a radial velocity study of the massive,double-lined, O binary HD 135240 based primarily on UV spectroscopy fromthe International Ultraviolet Explorer. Cross-correlation methodsindicate the presence of a third stationary spectral line componentwhich indicates that the system is a triple consisting of a central 3.9day close binary with a distant companion. We measured radial velocitiesfrom the cross-correlation functions after removal of the thirdcomponent, and we combined these with velocities obtained from Hαspectroscopy to reassess the orbital elements. We applied a Dopplertomography algorithm to reconstruct the individual UV spectra of allthree stars, and we determine spectral classifications of O7 III-V, O9.5V, and B0.5 V for the primary, secondary, and tertiary, respectively,using UV criteria defined by Penny, Gies, & Bagnuolo. We comparethese reconstructed spectra to standard single-star spectra to find theUV flux ratios of the components(F2/F1=0.239+/-0.022, andF3/F1=0.179+/-0.021). Hipparcos photometry revealsthat the central pair is an eclipsing binary, and we present the firstmodel fit of the light curve from which we derive an orbitalinclination, i=74deg+/-3deg. This analysisindicates that neither star is currently experiencing Roche lobeoverflow. We place the individual components in the theoretical H-Rdiagram, and we show that the masses derived from the combinedspectroscopic and photometric analysis(Mp/Msolar=21.6+/-2.0 andMs/Msolar=12.4+/-1.0) are significantly lower thanthose computed from evolutionary tracks for single stars.
| On the eclipsing nature of CPD-59degr2628
The spectroscopic binary CPD -59°2628 (Sp = O9.5V) has been discovered to be a detached eclipsing binary, and we presentan analysis based on new light curves, published spectroscopy and twonew high-resolution spectra. uvby light curves from more than 2000observations are analysed with the WINK and the Wilson-Devinney (WD)programs. Geometric distortions and photometric effects from theproximity of the components are included in the computations. Thedetached system has a close circular orbit of high inclination and highmaximum projected velocities. We find a photometric period P=1fd47 whichis consistent with the spectroscopy-binary period by Solivella &Niemela (\cite{solivella&niemela99}). We use this period to rematchthe misidentified radial velocities from Levato et al.(\cite{levato&al91}) and apply them in an analysis using the methodof Lehmann-Filhes. We find that CPD -59°2628 is ayoung system close to the ZAMS. Its distance is 2.6+/-0.1 kpc and it hasa systemic velocity of -19 km s-1, confirming its membershipin the cluster Trumpler 16 (radial velocity -23.5 kms-1). The temperatures are 32 000 K for the hotter star (A)and 30 000 K for the cooler (B). We determine the absolute dimensions(solar units): M_A=14.0+/-2.0, R_A=5.29+/-0.26, M_B=11.7+/-1.8 andR_B=4.38+/-0.22. By adopting E(b-y)=0.306, we get M_{bol,A}=-6.3+/-0.1,MV,A=-3.2+/-0.1, M_{bol,B}=-5.6+/-0.1 andMV,B=-2.7+/-0.1. Theoretical stellar models from Claret(\cite{claret95}), including convective-core overshooting and mass lossfor a composition (X=0.70, Z=0.02), appear to fit the components at anage of ~ 2 Myr. Based on observations obtained at the European SouthernObservatory at La Silla, Chile (Applications 62H-0110, 62H-0110 and64.L-0031) and the South African Astronomical Observatory, Sutherland,South Africa.
| Statistical analysis of intrinsic polarization, IR excess and projected rotational velocity distributions of classical Be stars
We present the results of statistical analyses of a sample of 627 Bestars. The parameters of intrinsic polarization (p*),projected rotational velocity (v sin i), and near IR excesses have beeninvestigated. The values of p* have been estimated for a muchlarger and more representative sample of Be stars (~490 objects) thanpreviously. We have confirmed that most Be stars of early spectral typehave statistically larger values of polarization and IR excesses incomparison with the late spectral type stars. It is found that thedistributions of p* diverge considerably for the differentspectral subgroups. In contrast to late spectral types (B5-B9.5), thedistribution of p* for B0-B2 stars does not peak at the valuep*=0%. Statistically significant differences in the meanprojected rotational velocities (/line{vsin i}) are found for differentspectral subgroups of Be stars in the sense that late spectral typestars (V luminosity class) generally rotate faster than early types, inagreement with previously published results. This behaviour is, however,not obvious for the III-IV luminosity class stars. Nevertheless, thecalculated values of the ratio vt/vc of the truerotational velocity, vt, to the critical velocity forbreak-up, vc, is larger for late spectral type stars of allluminosity classes. Thus, late spectral type stars appear to rotatecloser to their break-up rotational velocity. The distribution of nearIR excesses for early spectral subgroups is bi-modal, the position ofthe second peak displaying a maximum value E(V-L)~ 1 . m 3for O-B1.5 stars, decreasing to E(V-L)~0. m8 for intermediatespectral types (B3-B5). It is shown that bi-modality disappears for latespectral types (B6-B9.5). No correlations were found betweenp* and near IR excesses and between E(V-L) and vsin i for thedifferent subgroups of Be stars. In contrast to near IR excesses, arelation between p* and far IR excesses at 12 mu m is clearlyseen. A clear relation between p* and vsin i (as well asbetween p* and /line{vsin i}/vc) is found by thefact that plots of these parameters are bounded by a ``triangular"distribution of p*: vsin i, with a decrease of p*towards very small and very large vsin i (and /line{vsini}/vc) values. The latter behaviour can be understood in thecontext of a larger oblateness of circumstellar disks for the stars witha rapid rotation. From the analysis of correlations between differentobservational parameters we conclude that circumstellar envelopes forthe majority of Be stars are optically thin disks with the range of thehalf-opening angle of 10degr
| Chemical composition of eclipsing binaries: a new approach to the helium-to-metal enrichment ratio
The chemical enrichment law Y(Z) is studied by using detacheddouble-lined eclipsing binaries with accurate absolute dimensions andeffective temperatures. A sample of 50 suitable systems was collectedfrom the literature, and their effective temperatures were carefullyre-determined. The chemical composition of each of the systems wasobtained by comparison with stellar evolutionary models, under theassumption that they should fit an isochrone to the observed propertiesof the components. Evolutionary models covering a wide grid in Z and Ywere adopted for our study. An algorithm was developed for searching thebest-fitting chemical composition (and the age) for the systems, basedon the minimization of a χ2 function. The errors (andbiases) of these parameters were estimated by means of Monte Carlosimulations, with special care put on the correlations existing betweenthe errors of both components. In order to check the physicalconsistency of the results, we compared our metallicity values withempirical determinations, obtaining excellent coherence. Theindependently derived Z and Y values yielded a determination of thechemical enrichment law via weighted linear least-squares fit. Our valueof the slope, ΔY/ΔZ=2.2+/-0.8, is in good agreement withrecent results, but it has a smaller formal error and it is free ofsystematic effects. Linear extrapolation of the enrichment law to zerometals leads to an estimation of the primordial helium abundance ofYp=0.225+/-0.013, possibly affected by systematics in theeffective temperature determination.
| Molecular Clouds and Star Formation in the Southern H II Regions
We have carried out extensive 13CO(J = 1-0) observationstoward 23 southern H II regions associated with bright-rimmed clouds. Intotal, 95 molecular clouds have been identified to be associated withthe H II regions. Among the 95, 57 clouds \ are found to be associatedwith 204 IRAS point sources which are candidates for young stellarobjects. There is a significant increase of star-formation efficiency onthe side facing to the H II regions; the luminosity-to-mass ratio,defined as the ratio of the stellar luminosity to the molecular cloudmass, is higher by an order of magnitude on the near side of the H II \regions than that on the far side. This indicates that molecular gasfacing to the H II regions is more actively forming massive s\ tarswhose luminosity is >~ 103 LO . In addition, the numberdensity of the IRAS point sources increases by a factor of 2 on the nearside of the H II regions compared with on the far side. These resultsstrongly suggest that the active formation of massive stars on the nearside of the H II regions is due to the effects of the H II regions, suchas the compression of molecular material by the ionization/shock fronts.For the whole Galaxy, we estimate that the present star-formation rateunder such effects is at least 0.2-0.4 MO yr-1, correspondingto a few 10% by mass.
| Five-colour photometry of OB-stars in the Southern Hemisphere
Observations of OB-stars, made in 1959 and 1960 at the Leiden SouthernStation near Hartebeespoortdam, South Africa, with the VBLUW photometerattached to the 90 cm light-collector, are given in this paper. They arecompared with photometry obtained by \cite[Graham (1968),]{gra68}\cite[Walraven & Walraven (1977),]{wal77} \cite[Lub & Pel(1977)]{lub77} and \cite[Van Genderen et al. (1984).]{gen84} Formulaefor the transformation of the present observations to those of\cite[Walraven & Walraven (1977)]{wal77} and \cite[Lub & Pel(1977)]{lub77} are given. Table 4 is only available in electronic format the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) orvia http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| UBV beta Database for Case-Hamburg Northern and Southern Luminous Stars
A database of photoelectric UBV beta photometry for stars listed in theCase-Hamburg northern and southern Milky Way luminous stars surveys hasbeen compiled from the original research literature. Consisting of over16,000 observations of some 7300 stars from over 500 sources, thisdatabase constitutes the most complete compilation of such photometryavailable for intrinsically luminous stars around the Galactic plane.Over 5000 stars listed in the Case-Hamburg surveys still lackfundamental photometric data.
| ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. XIX - an astrometric/spectroscopic survey of O stars
We present the results of a speckle interferometric survey made with theCHARA speckle camera and 4 m class telescopes of Galactic O-type starswith V less than 8. We can detect with the speckle camera binaries inthe angular separation range 0.035-1.5 arcsec with delta M less than 3,and we have discovered 15 binaries among 227 O-type systems. We combinedour results on visual binaries with measurements of wider pairs from theWashington Double Star Catalog and fainter pairs from the HipparcosCatalog, and we made a literature survey of the spectroscopic binariesamong the sample. We then investigated the overall binary frequency ofthe sample and the orbital characteristics of the known binaries.Binaries are common among O stars in clusters and associations but lessso among field and especially runaway stars. There are many triplesystems among the speckle binaries, and we discuss their possible rolein the ejection of stars from clusters. The period distribution of thebinaries is bimodal in log P, but we suggest that binaries with periodsof years and decades may eventually be found to fill the gap. The massratio distribution of the visual binaries increases toward lower massratios, but low mass ratio companions are rare among close,spectroscopic binaries. We present distributions of the eccentricity andlongitude of periastron for spectroscopic binaries with ellipticalorbits, and we find strong evidence of a bias in the longitude ofperiastron distribution.
| Four-colour photometry of eclipsing binaries. XXXVI. Light curves of the O7V+O9V system V 3903 Sagittarii
Complete uvby light curves of the young detached double-lined massiveO-type eclipsing binary V 3903 Sagittarii, obtained from 1989 to 1994,are presented. The observations were obtained at two different sites anda discussion of the characteristics of both data sets is included. Basedon observations done with the ZEISS 60$\,$cm telescope at the Pico dosDias Observatory (PDO), National Laboratory of Astrophysics, LNA--CNPq,Brasópolis, MG, Brazil, and with the Danish 50~cm Telescope (SAT)at the European Southern Observatory (ESO), La Silla, Chile.
| Investigation of the variability of bright Be stars using HIPPARCOS photometry
The high accuracy and the homogeneity of Hipparcos data for bright starshave allowed us to quantify the degree of variability of Be stars. Thisdegree has been found to be highly dependent on the temperature of thestar. Rapid variability is the main feature of the 86% of early Be andless than 20% of late Be stars taking into account the limit ofdetection considered. In addition to Be stars reported in the Hipparcoscatalogue (ESA 1997) as short-period variables, we have been able toenlarge the number of detections as well as to confirm periodspreviously determined. Be stars that show larger amplitude rapidvariations are proposed as candidates for a search of multiperiodicityi.e. as non-radial pulsators. We have also searched for the presence ofoutbursts and fading events in the Hipparcos data. Outbursts have beenfrequently and preferentially detected in early Be stars with rather lowto moderate v sini while fading events seem to be more conspicuous instars with higher v sini. Mid-term and long-term variations have alsobeen investigated. Several stars have shown some evidence of temporaryquasi-periodic oscillations ranging between 10 and 200 days. Finallyinformation concerning long-term variations is reported. Cycles shorterthan or equal to the Hipparcos mission have mainly been detected instars earlier than B6. Long-term time scales of late Be stars areconfirmed to be longer by far. Tables 1 and 2 are only available inelectronic form at CDS via ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) orvia http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Three massive binaries and the Struve-Sahade effect
Not Available
| Interacting O-star binaries: V382 Cyg, V448 CYG and XZ CEP
New spectroscopic observations of three interacting O+O-star binaries(V382 Cyg, V448 Cyg and XZ Cep), obtained at the Dominion AstrophysicalObservatory, are analysed in conjunction with published photometry, toyield masses, temperatures and radii. We determine masses of 26.0+/-0.7and 1903+/-0.4Msolar for V382 Cyg, 25.2+/-0.7 and 14.0+/-0.7Msolar forV448 Cyg, and 15.8+/-0.4 and 6.4+/-0.3 Msolar for XZ Cep. We find thatV382 Cyg is a contact system, resulting from evolutionary expansion ofthe components during their main-sequence lifetimes (case A masstransfer). V448 Cyg is an evolved binary that has undergone late case Aor early case B mass transfer, with the mass loser now filling its Rochelobe and transferring mass more slowly to the gainer. The distancemodulus for V448 Cyg of 11.4 agrees well with that of its parent clusterNGC 6871, while the cluster age (7Myr) places a tight constraint on theevolutionary status of this system. XZ Cep closely resembles V448 Cyg,although its mass is somewhat lower.
| A Radial Velocity Database for Stephenson-Sanduleak Southern Luminous Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1997AJ....113..823R&db_key=AST
| V 3903 Sagittarii: a massive main-sequence (O7V+O9V) detached eclipsing binary
We present for the first time an analysis based on uvby light curves,Hβ indices and on new spectroscopic data of the massive detacheddouble-lined O-type eclipsing binary V 3903Sgr. The uvby light curvesare analysed with the WINK (initial solutions) and the Wilson-Devinney(WD, final solution) programs. Both codes were used in their extendedversions, with stellar atmospheres and taking into account the geometricdistortions and photometric effects caused by proximity of thecomponents. The spectroscopic CCD observations were analysed with theharmonic ``Wilsing-Russell'' and the ``Lehman-Filhes'' methods. Weconclude that V 3903Sgr is one of the rare O-type detached systems whereboth components are still on the initial phases of the main sequence,with an age of either 1.6x10(6) yrs or 2.5x10(6) yrs (depending on theevolutionary model adopted) at a distance of ~1500pc, the same as forthe Lagoon Nebula (Messier8) complex, of which the system is probably amember. We determine the absolute dimensions: M_A=27.27+/-0.55,R_A=8.088+/-% 0.086, M_B=19.01+/-0.44 and R_B=6.125+/-0.060 (solarunits). There is no evidence of mass transfer and the system isdetached. The orbit is circular, and both components show synchronousrotation, despite their early evolutionary stage. The absolutedimensions determined should be representative for normal single stars.Amongst the massive systems (M>17Msun) with preciseabsolute dimensions (errors <2%), V 3903Sgr is that with the mostmassive primary, with the largest mass difference between thecomponents, and it is the youngest one. Based on data collected with the60$\,$cm and 1.6$\,$m telescopes at the Pico dos Dias Observatory,Na\-tional Laboratory of Astrophysics, LNA-CNPq, Bra\-só\-polis,MG, Brazil and with the Danish 50$\,$cm telescope (SAT) at the EuropeanSouthern Observatory (ESO), La Silla, Chile
| Spectroscopy of Dwarf O Stars in the Region 6250 to 7150A
We present moderate-resolution spectra of normal dwarf O stars takenover the commonly ignored spectral range from 6250 to 7150A. Numerous,strong, telluric absorption features, particularly the prominent O2feature beyond 6850A, have made the study of stellar photospheres overthis spectral region very difficult in the past. In this study, we use amethod for removing the atmospheric absorption features during thereduction process. With our cleaned spectra, we have been successful inidentifying the He II 6891A line in O dwarf stars that has until nowbeen too heavily contaminated by telluric features to be clearlydetected. (SECTION: Stars)
| Far-Ultraviolet Stellar Photometry: Fields Centered on rho Ophiuchi and the Galactic Center
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1996ApJS..104..101S&db_key=AST
| Derivation of the Galactic rotation curve using space velocities
We present rotation curves of the Galaxy based on the space-velocitiesof 197 OB stars and 144 classical cepheids, respectively, which rangeover a galactocentric distance interval of about 6 to 12kpc. Nosignificant differences between these rotation curves and rotationcurves based solely on radial velocities assuming circular rotation arefound. We derive an angular velocity of the LSR of{OMEGA}_0_=5.5+/-0.4mas/a (OB stars) and {OMEGA}_0_=5.4+/-0.5mas/a(cepheids), which is in agreement with the IAU 1985 value of{OMEGA}_0_=5.5mas/a. If we correct for probable rotations of the FK5system, the corresponding angular velocities are {OMEGA}_0_=6.0mas/a (OBstars) and {OMEGA}_0_=6.2mas/a (cepheids). These values agree betterwith the value of {OMEGA}_0_=6.4mas/a derived from the VLA measurementof the proper motion of SgrA^*^.
| New masses for the O-type binary DH Cephei, and the temperatures of O-stars.
Spectroscopic observations, secured in 1973 and 1991, are analysedtogether with data from Sturm & Simon (1993) and Penny et al. (1996)to yield a new determination of the masses of the O+O-type binary systemDH Cep. The masses are 32.7+/-1.7Msun_ for the O5.5V primaryand 29.6+/-1.6Msun_ for the O6.5V secondary. Analysis of thelight curves from Lines et al. (1986), coupled with temperature and fluxratios from Sturm & Simon, results in revised absolute parameterswith final masses increased by 10% relative to those determined by Sturm& Simon. These revised parameters are in excellent accord with theevolutionary models of Schaller et al. (1992), at an age of 1.5Myr. Inthe context of those evolutionary models, and the work of Schoenberner& Harmanec (1995) on lower-mass binaries, we discuss the propertiesof 6 O to B0 detached binaries including DH Cep. The masses and radiifor the components of these systems are all in remarkable agreement withthe Schaller et al. models of solar composition. The O star temperaturesneed to be reduced by an average ~1000K to achieve agreement in T_eff_with the models, but this averaged value may hide the need forsubstantial reductions (~2500K) around O8. We note also somediscrepancies between derived visual absolute magnitudes, and theM_v_-spectral type relationship for O stars compiled by Schmidt-Kaler(1982).
| A spectroscopic database for Stephenson-Sanduleak Southern Luminous Stars
A database of published spectral classifications for objects in theStepenson-Sanduleak Luminous Stars in the Southern Milky Way catalog hasbeen compiled from the literature. A total of 6182 classifications for2562 stars from 139 sources are incorporated.
| On the absolute brightnesses and masses of early-type stars
A new empirical brightness calibration of early-type stars is presented,entirely based on accurate binary data. This calibration agreesremarkably well with the predictions of the most recent stellar models,but disagrees completely with all other currently used calibrations forearly-type stars. The binaries used to derive the new calibration covera range of masses from about 1.3 solar mass to 25 solar mass,corresponding to a temperature range from 6,700 K to 38,000 K. Over thewhole mass range, no systematic differences between the observed andevolutionary masses were found. The application to the alpha Per clustergives a distance modulus which agrees perfectly with that derived bycomparing its lower main-seqeunce to stars with known parallaxes.
| Broad-band photometry of selected southern ultraviolet-bright stars.
Not Available
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Sagittarius |
| Right ascension: | 18h09m17.70s |
| Declination: | -23°59'18.2" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 7.345 |
| Distance: | 540.541 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | 2.3 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -2.5 |
| B-T magnitude: | 7.439 |
| V-T magnitude: | 7.353 |
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INHABITED SKY
