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A catalogue of chromospherically active binary stars (third edition)
The catalogue of chromospherically active binaries (CABs) has beenrevised and updated. With 203 new identifications, the number of CABstars is increased to 409. The catalogue is available in electronicformat where each system has a number of lines (suborders) with a uniqueorder number. The columns contain data of limited numbers of selectedcross references, comments to explain peculiarities and the position ofthe binarity in case it belongs to a multiple system, classicalidentifications (RS Canum Venaticorum, BY Draconis), brightness andcolours, photometric and spectroscopic data, a description of emissionfeatures (CaII H and K, Hα, ultraviolet, infrared),X-ray luminosity, radio flux, physical quantities and orbitalinformation, where each basic entry is referenced so users can go to theoriginal sources.
| Dynamical evolution of active detached binaries on the logJo-logM diagram and contact binary formation
Orbital angular momentum (OAM, Jo), systemic mass (M) andorbital period (P) distributions of chromospherically active binaries(CAB) and W Ursae Majoris (W UMa) systems were investigated. Thediagrams of and logJo-logM were formed from 119 CAB and 102 WUMa stars. The logJo-logM diagram is found to be mostmeaningful in demonstrating dynamical evolution of binary star orbits. Aslightly curved borderline (contact border) separating the detached andthe contact systems was discovered on the logJo-logM diagram.Since the orbital size (a) and period (P) of binaries are determined bytheir current Jo, M and mass ratio, q, the rates of OAM loss(dlogJo/dt) and mass loss (dlogM/dt) are primary parametersto determine the direction and the speed of the dynamical evolution. Adetached system becomes a contact system if its own dynamical evolutionenables it to pass the contact border on the logJo-logMdiagram. The evolution of q for a mass-losing detached system is unknownunless the mass-loss rate for each component is known. Assuming q isconstant in the first approximation and using the mean decreasing ratesof Jo and M from the kinematical ages of CAB stars, it hasbeen predicted that 11, 23 and 39 per cent of current CAB stars wouldtransform to W UMa systems if their nuclear evolution permits them tolive 2, 4 and 6 Gyr, respectively.
| Pulkovo compilation of radial velocities for 35495 stars in a common system.
Not Available
| Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample
We are obtaining spectra, spectral types, and basic physical parametersfor the nearly 3600 dwarf and giant stars earlier than M0 in theHipparcos catalog within 40 pc of the Sun. Here we report on resultsfor 1676 stars in the southern hemisphere observed at Cerro TololoInter-American Observatory and Steward Observatory. These resultsinclude new, precise, homogeneous spectral types, basic physicalparameters (including the effective temperature, surface gravity, andmetallicity [M/H]), and measures of the chromospheric activity of ourprogram stars. We include notes on astrophysically interesting stars inthis sample, the metallicity distribution of the solar neighborhood, anda table of solar analogs. We also demonstrate that the bimodal nature ofthe distribution of the chromospheric activity parameterlogR'HK depends strongly on the metallicity, andwe explore the nature of the ``low-metallicity'' chromosphericallyactive K-type dwarfs.
| Mass loss and orbital period decrease in detached chromospherically active binaries
The secular evolution of the orbital angular momentum (OAM), thesystemic mass (M=M1+M2) and the orbital period of114 chromospherically active binaries (CABs) were investigated afterdetermining the kinematical ages of the subsamples which were setaccording to OAM bins. OAMs, systemic masses and orbital periods wereshown to be decreasing by the kinematical ages. The first-orderdecreasing rates of OAM, systemic mass and orbital period have beendetermined as per systemic OAM, per systemic mass and per orbitalperiod, respectively, from the kinematical ages. The ratio of d logJ/dlogM= 2.68, which were derived from the kinematics of the presentsample, implies that there must be a mechanism which amplifies theangular momentum loss (AML) times in comparison to isotropic AML ofhypothetical isotropic wind from the components. It has been shown thatsimple isotropic mass loss from the surface of a component or bothcomponents would increase the orbital period.
| SB9: The ninth catalogue of spectroscopic binary orbits
The Ninth Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits(http://sb9.astro.ulb.ac.be) continues the series of compilations ofspectroscopic orbits carried out over the past 35 years by Batten andcollaborators. As of 2004 May 1st, the new Catalogue holds orbits for2386 systems. Some essential differences between this catalogue and itspredecessors are outlined and three straightforward applications arepresented: (1) completeness assessment: period distribution of SB1s andSB2s; (2) shortest periods across the H-R diagram; (3)period-eccentricity relation.
| Chromospheric Ca II Emission in Nearby F, G, K, and M Stars
We present chromospheric Ca II H and K activity measurements, rotationperiods, and ages for ~1200 F, G, K, and M type main-sequence stars from~18,000 archival spectra taken at Keck and Lick Observatories as a partof the California and Carnegie Planet Search Project. We have calibratedour chromospheric S-values against the Mount Wilson chromosphericactivity data. From these measurements we have calculated medianactivity levels and derived R'HK, stellar ages,and rotation periods from general parameterizations for 1228 stars,~1000 of which have no previously published S-values. We also presentprecise time series of activity measurements for these stars.Based on observations obtained at Lick Observatory, which is operated bythe University of California, and on observations obtained at the W. M.Keck Observatory, which is operated jointly by the University ofCalifornia and the California Institute of Technology. The KeckObservatory was made possible by the generous financial support of theW. M. Keck Foundation.
| Kinematics of chromospherically active binaries and evidence of an orbital period decrease in binary evolution
The kinematics of 237 chromospherically active binaries (CABs) werestudied. The sample is heterogeneous with different orbits andphysically different components from F to M spectral-type main-sequencestars to G and K giants and supergiants. The computed U, V, W spacevelocities indicate that the sample is also heterogeneous in velocityspace. That is, both kinematically younger and older systems exist amongthe non-evolved main sequence and the evolved binaries containing giantsand subgiants. The kinematically young (0.95 Gyr) subsample (N= 95),which is formed according to the kinematical criteria of moving groups,was compared with the rest (N= 142) of the sample (3.86 Gyr) toinvestigate any observational clues of binary evolution. Comparing theorbital period histograms between the younger and older subsamples,evidence was found supporting the finding of Demircan that the CABs losemass (and angular momentum) and evolve towards shorter orbital periods.The evidence of mass loss is noticeable on the histograms of the totalmass (Mh+Mc), which is compared between theyounger (only N= 53 systems available) and older subsamples (only N= 66systems available). The orbital period decrease during binary evolutionis found to be clearly indicated by the kinematical ages of 6.69, 5.19and 3.02 Gyr which were found in the subsamples according to the periodranges of logP<= 0.8, 0.8 < logP<= 1.7 and 1.7 < logP<=3, respectively, among the binaries in the older subsample.
| Improved Astrometry and Photometry for the Luyten Catalog. II. Faint Stars and the Revised Catalog
We complete construction of a catalog containing improved astrometry andnew optical/infrared photometry for the vast majority of NLTT starslying in the overlap of regions covered by POSS I and by the secondincremental Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) release, approximately 44%of the sky. The epoch 2000 positions are typically accurate to 130 mas,the proper motions to 5.5 mas yr-1, and the V-J colors to0.25 mag. Relative proper motions of binary components are measured to 3mas yr-1. The false-identification rate is ~1% for11<~V<~18 and substantially less at brighter magnitudes. Theseimprovements permit the construction of a reduced proper-motion diagramthat, for the first time, allows one to classify NLTT stars intomain-sequence (MS) stars, subdwarfs (SDs), and white dwarfs (WDs). We inturn use this diagram to analyze the properties of both our catalog andthe NLTT catalog on which it is based. In sharp contrast to popularbelief, we find that NLTT incompleteness in the plane is almostcompletely concentrated in MS stars, and that SDs and WDs are detectedalmost uniformly over the sky δ>-33deg. Our catalogwill therefore provide a powerful tool to probe these populationsstatistically, as well as to reliably identify individual SDs and WDs.
| HD 9770, a southern active-chromosphere system
The visual triple system HD9770 (BB Scl) has been the subject of afour-year programme of UVB(RI)C photometry and Hαéchelle spectroscopy. Analysis of the data obtained over thatperiod shows that star B, and probably also star A, of HD9770 is abinary. The A system comprises a K1V star, which may be in a binarysystem with another K dwarf. The B system is an eclipsing binary of theBY Dra type in which both stars are chromospherically active. An orbitalperiod of 0.476525+/-0.000013d has been derived from the light curve inV. Physical parameters derived from analysis of the light curves inUBV(RI)C are presented.
| Multiwavelength optical observations of chromospherically active binary systems. III. High resolution echelle spectra from Ca ii H & K to Ca ii IRT
This is the third paper of a series aimed at studying the chromosphereof active binary systems using the information provided for severaloptical spectroscopic features. High resolution echelle spectraincluding all the optical chromospheric activity indicators from the Caii H & K to Ca ii IRT lines are analysed here for 16 systems. Thechromospheric contribution in these lines has been determined using thespectral subtraction technique. Very broad wings have been found in thesubtracted Hα profile of the very active star HU Vir. Theseprofiles are well matched using a two-component Gaussian fit (narrow andbroad) and the broad component can be interpreted as arising frommicroflaring. Red-shifted absorption features in the Hα line havebeen detected in several systems and excess emission in the blue wing ofFG UMa was also detected. These features indicate that several dynamicalprocesses, or a combination of them, may be involved. Using theE_Hα /E_Hβ ratio as a diagnostic we have detectedprominence-like extended material viewed off the limb in many stars ofthe sample, and prominences viewed against the disk at some orbitalphases in the dwarfs OU Gem and BF Lyn. The He i D3 line hasbeen detected as an absorption feature in mainly all the giants of thesample. Total filling-in of the He i D3, probably due tomicroflaring activity, is observed in HU Vir. Self-absorption with redasymmetry is detected in the Ca ii H & K lines of the giants 12 Cam,FG UMa and BM CVn. All the stars analysed show clear filled-in Ca ii IRTlines or even notable emission reversal. The small values of theE_8542/E_8498 ratio we have found indicate Ca ii IRT emission arisesfrom plage-like regions. Orbital phase modulation of the chromosphericemission has been detected in some systems, in the case of HU Virevidence of an active longitude area has been found. Based onobservations made with the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) operated on theisland of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Spanish Observatoriodel Roque de Los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica deCanarias, and with the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT), operated on theisland of La Palma jointly by Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway andSweden, in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of theInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias. Tables 3, 5, 6, 7 also atthe CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Catalogue and bibliography of the UV Cet-type flare stars and related objects in the solar vicinity
This new catalogue of flare stars includes 463 objects. It containsastrometric, spectral and photometric data as well as information on theinfrared, radio and X-ray properties and general stellar parameters.From the total reference list of about 3400 articles, partial listsselected by objects, authors, key words and by any pairs of thesecriteria can be obtained Tables 1, 2 and 3 are only available inelectronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr(130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html.
| On X-Ray Variability in Active Binary Stars
We have compared the X-ray emissions of active binary stars observed atvarious epochs by the Einstein and ROSAT satellites in order toinvestigate the nature of their X-ray variability. The primary aim ofthis work is to determine whether or not active binaries exhibitlong-term variations in X-ray emission, perhaps analogous to theobserved cyclic behavior of solar magnetic activity. We find that, whilethe mean level of emission of the sample remains steady, comparison ofdifferent ROSAT observations of the same stars shows significantvariation on timescales <~2 yr, with an ``effective variability''ΔI/I=0.32+/-0.04, where I and ΔI represent the mean emissionand variation from the mean emission, respectively. A comparison of theROSAT All-Sky Survey and later pointed observations with earlierobservations of the same stars carried out with Einstein yields onlymarginal evidence for a larger variation (ΔI/I=0.38+/-0.04 forEinstein vs. ROSAT All-Sky Survey and 0.46+/-0.05 for Einstein vs. ROSATpointed) at these longer timescales (~10 yr), thus indicating thepossible presence of a long-term component to the variability. Whetheror not this long-term component is due to the presence of cyclicvariability cannot be decided on the basis of existing data. However,assuming that this component is analogous to the observed cyclicvariability of the Sun, we find that the relative magnitude of thecyclic component in the ROSAT passband can, at most, be a factor of 4,i.e., I_cyc/I_min<4. This is to be compared with the correspondingbut significantly higher solar value of ~10-10^2 derived from GOES,Yohkoh, and Solrad data. These results are consistent with thesuggestions of earlier studies that a turbulent or distributive dynamomight be responsible for the observed magnetic activity on the mostactive, rapidly rotating stars.
| Mutual irradiation and absorption and surface temperature variation in detached binary systems
In the paper, we calculate the absorbed flux of the mutual irradiationof the components in detached binary systems, and obtain the surfacetemperature distribution on the components. The maximum temperaturedifference over the surface is a measure of the deviation betweenisothermal and equipotential surfaces. For 33 late-type binary systemswith known elements, we evaluate this maximum difference. The resultshows that the isothermal-equipotential deviation is always larger inthe cooler than in the hotter components. This result supports Zhou andLeung's idea that the large difference between ``star-spots'' andsunspots is due to cyclones and anticyclones. The effect of limbdarkening (amounting to over 18% and always larger in the hottercomponent) is included in the consideration.
| Mutual irradiation and absorption in detached binary systems and surface temperature variation.
Not Available
| Alignment of rotational axes in asynchronous late type binaries
41 RS CVn and BY Dra type binaries with reliable orbital and physicalparameters have been found to rotate asynchronously with the orbitalrevolution. For this sample inclinations of the rotational axes, i_r, ofthe primaries and the orbital inclinations, i_o, are independentlydetermined to test the alignment between the equatorial and the orbitalplanes. The observed difference Delta i=| {i_o} - {i_r}| measures adeviation from coplanarity of these planes. It turns out that mostasynchronous systems prove to be misaligned, especially when theinfluence of the position angle is taken into account. Thus, thegenerally accepted assumption that rotational axes are perpendicular toorbital planes is not valid for asynchronous RS CVn and BY Dra typebinaries. The influence of the position angle of the observer on thederived values of Delta i can be studied only by statistical methods.The distribution of the observed Delta i is compared wih the expectedvalues of Delta i() e for two cases: a) the rotational axes are randomlyinclined to the orbital planes, and b) the rotational axes areperpendicular to the orbital planes. The best fit to our observed sampleof asynchronous binaries is obtained for the case a), while for thesynchronous RS CVn and BY Dra type binaries the rotational axes areperpendicular to their orbital planes. The appendix is available onlyelectronically with the on-line publication athttp://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00230
| The ROSAT All-Sky Survey of Active Binary Coronae. III. Quiescent Coronal Properties for the BY Draconis--Type Binaries
We present X-ray observations of 35 active late-type BY Draconis dwarfbinary systems and 28 evolved binary systems, similar in nature to theRS Canum Venaticorum systems, obtained with the Position SensitiveProportional Counter (PSPC) during the ROSAT All-Sky Survey phase of themission. Of this sample, 52 targets were detected in exposures ofroughly 600 s or less. When these new data are combined with the earlierresults from Dempsey et al. (1993b), this survey represents the largestsample of active binary systems observed to date at any wavelength,including X-rays. We expand our investigation of how coronal properties(e.g., surface flux, luminosity, etc.) correlate with stellar parameters(e.g., rotation period, color, etc.) and confirm the conclusions ofDempsey et al. (1993b). Rotation period provides the best correlationwith X-ray surface flux with F_{{X}}~P^{-0.59+/-0.10}_{{rot}} for theentire sample. We find no evidence for a "basal" or nonmagnetic X-rayflux component. We model the low-resolution pulse-height spectra for 12systems with two-temperature thermal plasmas. The derived temperaturesfor the BY Dra systems are identical to those previously derived foractive evolved giants and subgiants in close binaries (Dempsey et al.1993c). We also show that the dependence of temperature and emissionmeasures on rotation period is the same for the dwarf, subgiant, andgiant binaries.
| RS CVn Versus Algol-Type Binaries: A Comparative Study of Their X-Ray Emission
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1996AJ....111.2415S&db_key=AST
| A Search for Optical Flares in Chromospherically Active Stars
We have surveyed four years of archival UBV photometry of 69chromospherically active stars obtained with the Phoenix-10 automaticphotoelectric telescope in search of optical flares on these stars. Wedemonstrate taht, while flares can be detected in these data, the numberof events observed on evolved stars remains very small. Flares werefound only on UX Arietis, II Pegasi, and AR Piscium. (SECTION: Stars)
| Not Available
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| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| Are Rotational Axes Perpendicular to Orbital Planes in Binary Systems. III.Main Sequence and Short-Period RS CVn Stars.
Inclinations of the rotational axes, irot, are determined for46 main sequence binaries of F, G, K and M spectral type and shortperiod RS CVn systems. Seven binaries are asynchronous. The inclinationsirot are then compared with the orbital inclinations,iorb, to test the alignment between the equatorial andorbital planes. In all 39 cases of synchronous rotators irotis equal or nearly equal to iorb. In a sample of sevenasynchronous systems, at least six, and perhaps all, are non-coplanar.
| The general catalogue of trigonometric [stellar] paralaxes
Not Available
| The active dynamo stars: RS CVn, BY Dra, FK Com, Algol, W UMa, and T Tau
Not Available
| Longterm Monitoring of Active Stars - Part Three - UBV Ri/c Photometry of 14 Southern Hemisphere Variables
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1993A&AS..102..655C&db_key=AST
| A catalog of chromospherically active binary stars (second edition)
The catalog contains 206 spectroscopic binary systems with at least onelate-type component that shows Ca II H and K emission in its spectrum.These systems include the classical RS CVn binaries and BY Dra binaries.The catalog summarizes information on the photometric, spectroscopic,orbital, and physical properties of the systems as well as space motionsand positions. Up to 42 'parameters' for each stellar system are listedfollowed by the appropriate reference to direct interested colleagues tothe original papers. A comprehensive selection of further informationfor each star is given in the individual notes. In addition, the catalogcontains a candidate list of 138 stars that have similar characteristicsbut are not definitely known binaries or have not had Ca II H and Kemission observed.
| Kinematics and age of RS Canum Venaticorum and by Draconis stars
Space velocities of 146 chromospherically active binary stars have beencalculated. Containing F-M spectral types on the main sequence togetherwith G and K giants and subgiants, this very heterogeneous sample hasbeen divided into groups in order to segregate stars which have similarkinematics and ages. After many trials for different criteria, thesample was divided into five groups - two groups for giants, two groupsfor main-sequence systems, and one group for main-sequence systems.Kinematics of subgiants implies a stellar age of about 2-3 Gyr. Youngand old groups of giants and main-sequence systems could becharacterized by a kinematical age of about 1 Gyr and more than 5 Gyr,respectively. These ages are estimated approximately according to spacevelocity distributions and dispersions in velocity space in each group.Inferred ages for the groups above agrees with circulation, rotationactivity relation, and stellar evolution theories.
| UBVRI observations of southern hemisphere active stars. II - 1987 data
Results are presented on high-precision UBV (RI)c photometricobservations of 13 southern-hemisphere RS CVn, BY Dra, and FK Com-typevariable stars, carried out in December 1987 at the European SouthernObservatory at La Silla (Chile). Compared with previous observations,significant changes of the light curves were detected, both in amplitudeand shape.
| Axial rotation of BY Dra-type stars and related objects
Periods of the rotational modulation of the brightness of BY Dra-typestars, Pleiades spotted stars, 'naked' T Tau stars, and T Tau-type starsare compared with absolute bolometric stellar magnitudes. It is arguedthat most BY Dra stars have an age of 10 exp 8 yr, and very fast andrelatively slowly rotating objects are encountered among them.
| HD 90892: a New Variable in Hydra
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Hydra |
| Right ascension: | 10h36m02.21s |
| Declination: | -11°54'47.9" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 8.021 |
| Distance: | 33.829 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | 141.5 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -259.4 |
| B-T magnitude: | 9.114 |
| V-T magnitude: | 8.112 |
Catalogs and designations:
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INHABITED SKY
