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Properties of the Walraven VBLUW photometric system
The Walraven five-channel (VBLUW) photometer has been used primarily tostudy Cepheids and RR Lyrae variables. Those properties of the VBLUWphotometric system are discussed which are important for analyzing andinterpreting data on such stars. The standard stars that define thesystem are examined, the long-term stability of these stars is examined,and the responses of the photometric passbands are analyzed. Correctionsfor atmospheric extinction and interstellar reddening are reviewed,noting that color terms in the extinction corrections are sufficientlysmall to be neglected and that nonlinear terms in reddening correctionscan also be neglected provided the reddening is not higher than about1.25 magnitudes. Application of the VBLUW system to the classificationof A, F, and G stars, Hyades main-sequence stars, bright field stars,and subdwarfs is demonstrated, and observed two-color diagrams arecompared with theoretical diagrams based on model atmospheres. It isconcluded that a three-dimensional classification based on effectivetemperature, surface gravity, and heavy-element abundance is possiblefor A, F, and G spectral types and that VBLUW photometry is more thantwice as sensitive as Stroemgren uvby photometry to differences inheavy-element abundances below 8000 K.
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