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Random forest automated supervised classification of Hipparcos periodic variable stars
We present an evaluation of the performance of an automatedclassification of the Hipparcos periodic variable stars into 26 types.The sub-sample with the most reliable variability types available in theliterature is used to train supervised algorithms to characterize thetype dependencies on a number of attributes. The most useful attributesevaluated with the random forest methodology include, in decreasingorder of importance, the period, the amplitude, the V-I colour index,the absolute magnitude, the residual around the folded light-curvemodel, the magnitude distribution skewness and the amplitude of thesecond harmonic of the Fourier series model relative to that of thefundamental frequency. Random forests and a multi-stage scheme involvingBayesian network and Gaussian mixture methods lead to statisticallyequivalent results. In standard 10-fold cross-validation (CV)experiments, the rate of correct classification is between 90 and 100per cent, depending on the variability type. The main mis-classificationcases, up to a rate of about 10 per cent, arise due to confusion betweenSPB and ACV blue variables and between eclipsing binaries, ellipsoidalvariables and other variability types. Our training set and thepredicted types for the other Hipparcos periodic stars are availableonline.
| The RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE): Third Data Release
We present the third data release of the RAdial Velocity Experiment(RAVE) which is the first milestone of the RAVE project, releasing thefull pilot survey. The catalog contains 83,072 radial velocitymeasurements for 77,461 stars in the southern celestial hemisphere, aswell as stellar parameters for 39,833 stars. This paper describes thecontent of the new release, the new processing pipeline, as well as anupdated calibration for the metallicity based upon the observation ofadditional standard stars. Spectra will be made available in a futurerelease. The data release can be accessed via the RAVE Web site.
| CCD observations of 11 variables classified in the GCVS as RR Lyrae-type stars without light-curve elements.
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| Double-lined Spectroscopic Binary Stars in the Radial Velocity Experiment Survey
We devise a new method for the detection of double-lined binary stars ina sample of the Radial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) survey spectra. Themethod is both tested against extensive simulations based on syntheticspectra and compared to direct visual inspection of all RAVE spectra. Itis based on the properties and shape of the cross-correlation function,and is able to recover ~80% of all binaries with an orbital period oforder 1 day. Systems with periods up to 1 yr are still within thedetection reach. We have applied the method to 25,850 spectra of theRAVE second data release and found 123 double-lined binary candidates,only eight of which are already marked as binaries in the SIMBADdatabase. Among the candidates, there are seven that show spectralfeatures consistent with the RS CVn type (solar type with activechromosphere) and seven that might be of W UMa type (over-contactbinaries). One star, HD 101167, seems to be a triple system composed ofthree nearly identical G-type dwarfs. The tested classification methodcould also be applicable to the data of the upcoming Gaia mission.
| Distance determination for RAVE stars using stellar models
Aims: We develop a method for deriving distances fromspectroscopic data and obtaining full 6D phase-space coordinates for theRAVE survey's second data release. Methods: We used stellarmodels combined with atmospheric properties from RAVE (effectivetemperature, surface gravity and metallicity) and (J-Ks)photometry from archival sources to derive absolute magnitudes. Incombination with apparent magnitudes, sky coordinates, proper motionsfrom a variety of sources and radial velocities from RAVE, we are ableto derive the full 6D phase-space coordinates for a large sample of RAVEstars. This method is tested with artificial data, Hipparcostrigonometric parallaxes and observations of the open cluster M 67. Results: When we applied our method to a set of 16 146 stars, wefound that 25% (4037) of the stars have relative (statistical) distanceerrors of <35%, while 50% (8073) and 75% (12 110) have relative(statistical) errors smaller than 45% and 50%, respectively. Our varioustests show that we can reliably estimate distances for main-sequencestars, but there is an indication of potential systematic problems withgiant stars owing to uncertainties in the underlying stellar models. Forthe main-sequence star sample (defined as those with log(g) > 4), 25%(1744) have relative distance errors <31%, while 50% (3488) and 75%(5231) have relative errors smaller than 36% and 42%, respectively. Ourfull dataset shows the expected decrease in the metallicity of stars asa function of distance from the Galactic plane. The known kinematicsubstructures in the U and V velocity components of nearby dwarf starsare apparent in our dataset, confirming the accuracy of our data and thereliability of our technique. We provide independent measurements of theorientation of the UV velocity ellipsoid and of the solar motion, andthey are in very good agreement with previous work. Conclusions:The distance catalogue for the RAVE second data release is available athttp://www.astro.rug.nl/~rave,and will be updated in the future to include new data releases.
| Stars with the Largest Hipparcos Photometric Amplitudes
A list of the 2027 stars that have the largest photometric amplitudes inHipparcos Photometry shows that most variable stars are all Miras. Thepercentage of variable types change as a function of amplitude. Thiscompilation should also be of value to photometrists looking forrelatively unstudied, but large amplitude stars.
| Early evolution of the Galactic halo revealed from Hipparcos observations of metal-poor stars
The kinematics of 122 red giant and 124 RR Lyrae stars in the solarneighborhood are studied using accurate measurements of their propermotions obtained by the Hipparcos astrometry satellite, combined withtheir published photometric distances, metal abundances, and radialvelocities. A majority of these sample stars have metal abundances of(Fe/H) = -1 or less and thus represent the old stellar populations inthe Galaxy. The halo component, with (Fe/H) = -1.6 or less, ischaracterized by a lack of systemic rotation and a radially elongatedvelocity ellipsoid. About 16 percent of such metal-poor stars have loworbital eccentricities, and we see no evidence of a correlation between(Fe/H) and e. Based on the model for the e-distribution of orbits, weshow that this fraction of low-e stars for (Fe/H) = -1.6 or less isexplained by the halo component alone, without introducing the extradisk component claimed by recent workers. This is also supported by theabsence of a significant change in the e-distribution with height fromthe Galactic plane. In the intermediate-metallicity range, we find thatstars with disklike kinematics have only modest effects on thedistributions of rotational velocities and e for the sample at absolutevalue of z less than 1 kpc. This disk component appears to constituteonly 10 percent for (Fe/H) between -1.6 and -1 and 20 percent for (Fe/H)between -1.4 and -1.
| The impact of HIPPARCOS on the RR Lyrae Distance Scale
Not Available
| Radial velocities and iron abundances of field RR Lyraes. II.
This is the second of the papers devoted to derive radial velocities andiron abundances of field RR Lyraes observed by HIPPARCOS. Our abundancesshow good agreement with those in the literature obtained both fromphotometric (Delta S index) and spectroscopic methods. Binary candidatesand stars misclassified as RR Lyraes in the original HIPPARCOS list havebeen also identified. Appendix is only available in electronic form atthe CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u- strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Detection of a galactic color gradient for blue horizontal-branch stars of the halo field and implications for the halo age and density distributions
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1991ApJ...375..121P
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