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Galactic model parameters for field giants separated from field dwarfs by their 2MASS and V apparent magnitudes
We present a method which separates field dwarfs and field giants bytheir 2MASS and V apparent magnitudes. This method is based onspectroscopically selected standards and is hence reliable. We appliedit to stars in two fields, SA 54 and SA 82, and we estimated a full setof Galactic model parameters for giants including their total localspace density. Our results are in agreement with the ones given in therecent literature.
| Lithium in Large Magellanic Cloud carbon stars
19 carbon stars that show lithium enrichment in their atmospheres havebeen discovered among a sample of 674 carbon stars in the LargeMagellanic Cloud. Six of the Li-rich carbon stars are of the J type,i.e. they show strong 13C isotopic features. No super-Li-richcarbon stars were found. The incidence of lithium enrichment amongcarbon stars in the LMC is much rarer than in the Galaxy, and about fivetimes more frequent among J-type than among N-type carbon stars. Thebolometric magnitudes of the Li-rich carbon stars range between -3.3 and-5.7. Existing models of Li-enrichment via the hot bottom burningprocess fail to account for all of the observed properties of theLi-enriched stars studied here.
| Hipparcos red stars in the HpV_T2 and V I_C systems
For Hipparcos M, S, and C spectral type stars, we provide calibratedinstantaneous (epoch) Cousins V - I color indices using newly derivedHpV_T2 photometry. Three new sets of ground-based Cousins V I data havebeen obtained for more than 170 carbon and red M giants. These datasetsin combination with the published sources of V I photometry served toobtain the calibration curves linking Hipparcos/Tycho Hp-V_T2 with theCousins V - I index. In total, 321 carbon stars and 4464 M- and S-typestars have new V - I indices. The standard error of the mean V - I isabout 0.1 mag or better down to Hp~9 although it deteriorates rapidly atfainter magnitudes. These V - I indices can be used to verify thepublished Hipparcos V - I color indices. Thus, we have identified ahandful of new cases where, instead of the real target, a random fieldstar has been observed. A considerable fraction of the DMSA/C and DMSA/Vsolutions for red stars appear not to be warranted. Most likely suchspurious solutions may originate from usage of a heavily biased color inthe astrometric processing.Based on observations from the Hipparcos astrometric satellite operatedby the European Space Agency (ESA 1997).}\fnmsep\thanks{Table 7 is onlyavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/397/997
| Reprocessing the Hipparcos data for evolved giant stars II. Absolute magnitudes for the R-type carbon stars
The Hipparcos Intermediate Astrometric Data for carbon stars have beenreprocessed using an algorithm which provides an objective criterion forrejecting anomalous data points and constrains the parallax to bepositive. New parallax solutions have been derived for 317 cool carbonstars, mostly of types R and N. In this paper we discuss the results forthe R stars. The most important result is that the early R stars (i.e.,R0 - R3) have absolute magnitudes and V-K colors locating them among redclump giants in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. The average absolutemagnitude MK for early R-type stars (with V - K < 4) hasbeen derived from a Monte-Carlo simulation implicitly incorporating allpossible biases. It appears that the simulated magnitude distributionfor a population with a true Gaussian distribution of mean MK= -2.0 and intrinsic standard deviation 1.0 mag provides a satisfactorymatch to the observed distribution. These values are consistent with theaverage absolute magnitude MK = -1.6 for clump red giants inthe solar neighborhood (Alves 2000). Further, early R-type stars arenon-variable, and their infrared photometric properties show that theyare not undergoing mass loss, properties similar to those of the redclump giants. Stars with subtypes R4 - R9 tend to be cooler and havesimilar luminosity to the N-type carbon stars, as confirmed by theirposition in the (J-H, H-K) color-color diagram. The sample of earlyR-type stars selected from the Hipparcos Catalogue appears to beapproximately complete to magnitude K0 ~ 7, translating intoa completeness distance of 600 pc if all R stars had MK= -2(400 pc if MK= -1). With about 30 early R-type stars in thatvolume, they comprise about 0.04% (0.14% for MK= -1) of thered clump stars in the solar neighborhood. Identification with the redclump locates these stars at the helium core burning stage of stellarevolution, while the N stars are on the asymptotic giant branch, wherehelium shell burning occurs. The present analysis suggests that for asmall fraction of the helium core burning stars (far lower than thefraction of helium shell-burning stars), carbon produced in the interioris mixed to the atmosphere in sufficient quantities to form a carbonstar. Based on observations from the Hipparcos astrometric satelliteoperated by the European Space Agency (ESA 1997).
| Catalogs of temperatures and [Fe/H] averages for evolved G and K stars
A catalog of mean values of [Fe/H] for evolved G and K stars isdescribed. The zero point for the catalog entries has been establishedby using differential analyses. Literature sources for those entries areincluded in the catalog. The mean values are given with rms errors andnumbers of degrees of freedom, and a simple example of the use of thesestatistical data is given. For a number of the stars with entries in thecatalog, temperatures have been determined. A separate catalogcontaining those data is briefly described. Catalog only available atthe CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| A catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations: 1996 edition
A fifth Edition of the Catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations is presentedherewith. It contains 5946 determinations for 3247 stars, including 751stars in 84 associations, clusters or galaxies. The literature iscomplete up to December 1995. The 700 bibliographical referencescorrespond to [Fe/H] determinations obtained from high resolutionspectroscopic observations and detailed analyses, most of them carriedout with the help of model-atmospheres. The Catalogue is made up ofthree formatted files: File 1: field stars, File 2: stars in galacticassociations and clusters, and stars in SMC, LMC, M33, File 3: numberedlist of bibliographical references The three files are only available inelectronic form at the Centre de Donnees Stellaires in Strasbourg, viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5), or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| The Tokyo PMC catalog 90-93: Catalog of positions of 6649 stars observed in 1990 through 1993 with Tokyo photoelectric meridian circle
The sixth annual catalog of the Tokyo Photoelectric Meridian Circle(PMC) is presented for 6649 stars which were observed at least two timesin January 1990 through March 1993. The mean positions of the starsobserved are given in the catalog at the corresponding mean epochs ofobservations of individual stars. The coordinates of the catalog arebased on the FK5 system, and referred to the equinox and equator ofJ2000.0. The mean local deviations of the observed positions from theFK5 catalog positions are constructed for the basic FK5 stars to comparewith those of the Tokyo PMC Catalog 89 and preliminary Hipparcos resultsof H30.
| A Moderate-Resolution Spectral Atlas of Carbon Stars: R, J, N, CH, and Barium Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1996ApJS..105..419B&db_key=AST
| Chemical Abundances for Very Strong-Lined Giants
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1995AJ....110.2968L&db_key=AST
| Observations of Variable Stars with the R-Coronae Phenomenon and Other Unique Objects
Not Available
| Revised MK spectral classification of the red carbon stars
The spectral classification of the red carbon stars has been broughtinto the revised MK system by combining some of the features of the oldR, N, and C classifications, as modified by Yamashita, and addingnumerical abundance indices. The new types are intended to (1) definethe population to which the star belongs, (2) allow quick interpolationbetween the detailed atmospheric analyses of individual stars, and (3)indicate the differences between carbon stars in different parts of ourgalaxy, and in other galaxies. It is the flexibility of the notation,allowing the incorporation of improved criteria, that should make thenew system useful.
| The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars
A catalog is presented listing the spectral types of the G, K, M, and Sstars that have been classified at the Perkins Observatory in therevised MK system. Extensive comparisons have been made to ensureconsistency between the MK spectral types of stars in the Northern andSouthern Hemispheres. Different classification spectrograms have beengradually improved in spite of some inherent limitations. In thecatalog, the full subclasses used are the following: G0, G5, G8, K0, K1,K2, K3, K4, K5, M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, and M8. Theirregularities are the price paid for keeping the general scheme of theoriginal Henry Draper classification.
| JHK photometry of population I CN-rich field giants
IR JHK photometry has been obtained for a sample of CN-rich field redgiants. It is found that these giants segregate according to metallicityor CN band strength in the (J-H), (H-K) two-color diagram. A delta (H-K)color-excess index is presented, which correlates with the strength ofthe 4215 wavelength CN band as measured by the delta C(m) index of theDDO photometric system (McClure, 1970). The sensitivity of delta (H-K)as a metal abundance indicator is shown to be relatively small. It issuggested that the CN-rich field giants have colors comparable to manyof the metal-rich giants in the Galactic bulge studied by Whitford andRich (1983), although a few of the bulge giants appear to have higherabundances.
| New UBVRI photometry for 900 supergiants
A description is presented of the results obtained in connection with asystematic program of supergiant photometry on the Johnson UBVRI system.During the eight years after the start of the program, almost 1000 starshave been observed, about 400 three or more times each. The originalselection of stars used the spectral type catalog of Jaschek et al.(1964) to choose supergiants. Since observations were possible from bothChile and Canada, no declination limits were imposed, and no particularselection criteria were imposed other than to eliminate carbon stars.These are so red as to require enormous extrapolations of thetransformation equations.
| Scanner Abundance Studies.IV. Observations of Some Strong-Cn and Miscellaneous Evolved Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1972ApJ...173..619T&db_key=AST
| Stars with Strong Cyanogen Absorption
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1971ApJ...163...75S&db_key=AST
| A photoelectric investigation of strong cyanogen stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1970AJ.....75...41M&db_key=AST
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